東大英單現學現用：作文、論文、閱讀、簡報、書信必備單字 pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載 2024

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作者

出版者齣版社：如何訂閱齣版社新書快訊新功能介紹

翻譯者譯者：陳昭蓉

出版日期齣版日期：2010/09/24

語言語言：繁體中文

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圖書描述

單字是背來用的，不是背來忘的！
「東大英單」教你從「死背學習型」進入「資訊發射型」，
讓每個你會的單字都能發揮最大功效！

　　真正「重質不重量」的英文單字書！
　　東大生非讀不可！上班族爭相購買！

　　★上班族最愛：一齣版就登上暢銷書榜，更是商業區書店的搶手書
　　★大學生必備：不隻東大，需要寫報告的大學生人手一本！

　　本書是東大專業英語教師，根據東大自編的英語教材衍生而齣的英文單字書。原本用意在幫助東大生強化單字應用錶達能力，卻意外被日本企業精英用來提升英語實力之用。

　　簡單的280字，卻是東大校方認為對學生最重要、最實際的單字，特彆是在英語的各種書寫上。擁有「東大英單」，你將能拋棄過去現背現忘的英語學習方式，成為現學現賣英語書寫達人。

　　這是一本專門針對寫英文作文、英文報告、論文、做簡報或電子書信往來等不可或缺的隨身書，全書共14個單元，列舉齣280個詞匯及其衍生字，且有許多詞匯彼此關係密切。每個單元之後還有相關專欄文章，介紹深入探討該章特定詞匯的用法，能幫大傢培養豐富的詞匯能力，撰寫優質英語論文。

◎本書能幫助你：
　　1加強英文單字使用深度，提升文法應用力。
　　2從死背改為完全錶達的發射型英單。
　　3瞭解「在這種情況下用這個字匯最妥當」。
　　4掌握各種詞性變化、衍生詞、相關詞，徹底擴充詞匯知識。
　　5深入探索英語發展背景與文化，幫助學習者能更快融入並學習英語思考方式。
　　6整體提升讀寫錶達能力，不管是作文、論文、閱讀、簡報、書信往來……都能輕輕鬆鬆、遊刃有餘。

編者簡介

東京大學教養學部英語部會

　　英語部會成員都是長年在東京大學駒場校區講授英語課程的教師，專業領域包括語言哲學、維多利亞時期英國文學、字典學、莎士比亞研究、語言學理論、美國文化研究等。來自日本、蘇格蘭、美國等地，各方好手群聚一堂，大傢處理英語的觀點和對英語的感覺各有不同，一起討論各自在講課時感受到許多學生學習英語的問題，慢慢確立本書的內容，幫助想全麵提升英語應用能力的學習者。

譯者簡介

陳昭蓉

　　颱灣師範大學數學係畢（輔修英語）。考取鬆下留日奬學金，取得東京工業大學經營工學博士學位。曾任職於颱灣鬆下電器，現從事企管顧問並兼職翻譯。譯有《讀書力》《壅塞學》《工作是乘法》等書。

著者信息

東大英單現學現用：作文、論文、閱讀、簡報、書信必備單字 pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載

圖書目錄

前言　

One
accumulate / civilization / claim / considerable / context / framework / individual / investment / literally / metaphorically / original / policy / process / resources / role / specific / strategy / text / tradition / unique
專欄主張的強弱Claimer vs. Claimer

Two
absolute / analyze / categorize / condition / conscious / effective / efficient / innate / involve / maintain / mechanism / necessarily / observe / phenomenon / preference / significance / source / substance / technical / ultimate
專欄多義詞的用法Usage Conditions

Three
controversy / create / dismantle / enable / entitled / fundamental / heritage / identity / indispensable / inspire / material / obligation / occupation / particularly / perspective / recognize / sophisticated / stable / transcend / unfortunately
專欄和行為、行動有關的詞匯Clear for Action

Four
breakthrough / capability / collaborate / comparison / conclusive / conjecture / develop / dimension / exhibit / general / insight / intense / margin / probability / reflect / research / surmise / symmetrical / trait / unify
專欄有關能力的詞匯Capacity Unlimited

Five
authority / circumstances / consider / crucial / debate / deliberately / designated / establish / hypothesis / incorporate / inevitably / negligible / objective / potential / propose / radically / realistic / sample / theoretical / universal
專欄英文單字的起源Ancient Origins

Six
account / adequate / ambiguous / apparent / consequence / consistent / demonstrate / description / dynamics / essential / implication / interpret / physical / remark / revise / sense / severe / subjective / substitute / witness
專欄有關假設、解釋的詞匯Guess What?

Seven
access / alternative / base… on... / concentrate / consist of ... / construct / determine / encapsulate / exclusively / explicit / focus / functional / gradual / interaction / objection / projection / respective / subside / suggest / symbol
專欄主詞和動詞是否吻閤Compatible Subjects

Eight
accept / affiliate / array / characterize / chronic / concomitant / construe / counterpart / critical / disproportionate / ideology / inherent / network / parameter / reductionist / regulate / selective / stress / subsequent / unwarranted
專欄有關時間的詞匯A Matter of Time

Nine
actual / capital / collapse / commodity / contamination / definite / dominant / eradicate / furthermore / global / impose / mutually / nature / realize / register / revolution / ritual / tenuous / undermine / virtual
專欄定冠詞the的規則The Definite Article

Ten
assimilate / boundless / common / communal / component / distinction / diversity / evident / extraordinary / facet / generation / juxtapose / modern / predominantly / represent / stereotype / strive / trace / undoubtedly / utilize
專欄字首入門A Prelude to Prefixes

Eleven
absurd / aware / balance / barely / capacity / cease / chronology / cite / collate / currently / indicate / normative / occurrence / rigid / skewed / spiral / stabilize / standardize / stem / strictly
專欄證據的確實性Certain Uncertainties

Twelve
apply / articulate / certain / coincidence / comprehensible / constitute / continuous / differentiate / engage / heterogeneity / independent / negotiation / obvious / previous / ramification / reference / rigorous / sphere / subordination / trajectory
專欄從直譯到翻譯Transformational Translation

Thirteen
according to ... / animosity / arrangement / artificial / assume / counteract / double-edged / facilitate / frequency / intended / manipulate / motivation / nonetheless / principle / refinement / relatively / repertoire / sequence / tacit / tangible
專欄語域和字匯Cash In on Register

Fourteen
accurate / advocate / ancestor / attitude / culmination / detect / elementary / finite / fruition / impressed / initiative / manifestation / postulated / progress / prominent / radiate / ratio / saturated / unparalleled / variable
專欄蛻變中的錶達方式Speaking of the Unspeakable

練習題建議解答

單字索引

圖書序言

One
accumulate civilization claim considerable context
framework individual investment literally
metaphorically original policy process resources role
specific strategy text tradition unique
01 accumulate [E`kjumjE´let]
accumulate = to increase gradually, by addition not growth
accumulate v - accumulation n - cumulative adj (比accumulative adj常見)
○ The researchers accumulated hundreds of photographs of irregular plant growth caused by chemical fertilizers.
研究學者拍瞭數百張照片，進而發現因化學肥料而生長異常的植物樣貌。

○ An accumulation of small misfortunes eventually led to the government’s collapse.
接連發生不起眼的壞事，最後導緻政府垮颱。
通常代錶「蓄積」資産和努力之類的正麵意涵，也用於accumulate不幸、失敗、垃圾等負麵的情況。和pile up、build up同義，錶示慢慢堆積的模樣，這種意涵也齣現在相關詞cumulus（積雲）、cumulative effec（纍積效果）。（參見第七章4. concentrate）

02 civilization [civilisation] [´sIvyE`zeSEn]
civilization = n (abstract) a state of advanced learning, technology, or social organization; (concrete) a society possessing the same
civilization n - civilized adj - civilize v

○ Colonialists often see themselves as bringing civilization to less fortunate peoples.
殖民者往往認為自己為不幸的民族帶來文明。

○ The society which produced the pyramids certainly deserves to be called a civilization.
建立金字塔的社會當然稱得上文明。

primitive的概念是和civilization相對的狀態。在十九世紀末期，歐美盛行社會進化論的想法，認為人類史曆經savagery（野蠻）、barbarism（未開化）階段纔抵達civilization（文明）。由於這種分類帶有侮衊的意涵，現在專傢改以固有文字的有無區分nonliterate/preliterate culture（無文字文化）。不過在日常用途中依然有以往的含意，以形容詞civilized描述特定的個人時，代錶「有教養、經過淬煉」。

03 claim [klem]
claim = v to assert something not yet definitely known; to assert ownership (also noun)
claim v, n - claimant (a person who asserts a right to something) n - claimer n

○ The moon hoax theory claims that people have never traveled to the moon.
「登月騙局論」主張人類從未抵達月球。

○ If no one claims the prize, it will be added to next week’s total.
如果沒有人申報得奬，奬金就纍計到下週的奬金。

○ The victim submitted a claim to the insurance company but did not receive any money.
受害者嚮保險公司申請理賠，卻沒有拿到分毫。

日文以片假名把claim改為外來語，常說「客戶對商品提齣claim」，其實claim並沒有「抱怨」的意思，如果是抱怨的情況下應該說There was a consumer complaint about the product.。在學術論文，作者有明確的主張時也會用到這個單字。還有像第二例句文章的用法，錶示當事人主張自己的所有權，例如機場的baggage calim（行李提領區）就是其中一例。disclaimer則是為瞭減輕製造廠商和作者責任的「聲明」、「但書」。（參見第一章專欄‧第二章10. maintain‧第七章專欄）

04 considerable [kEn`sIdErEbL]
considerable = significant in degree or amount; substantial; enough to be worth considering
considerable adj - consideration n - consider v - considerably adv

○ There was a considerable delay before the results could be finally verified.
延遲很久之後，纔證實最終結果。

○ The committee feels that it has given your proposal all due consideration.
委員會已經竭盡所能審核您的提案。

這個錶示程度的形容詞代錶「相當的」程度，但是不及enormous、tremendous。因為重要纔有consider的行為，所以這個字代錶「值得考慮」、「無法忽視」。和significant、notable、sizable同義。（參見第二章16. significance）

05 context [`kantWkst]
context = the surroundings in which an event happens or an object exists
context n - contextual adj - contextualize v

○ The outbreak of World War I can only be understood if we see it in its wider European context.
要理解爆發第一次世界大戰的原因，必須綜觀全歐洲的脈絡。

○ The politician complained that he had been quoted out of context.
政治傢不滿自己的發言被斷章取義。

text和context都來自拉丁文texere（編織）。context代錶由諸多事物和事件交織而成的背景、象徵文章前後關係、事物背景與脈絡。隻要context不同，對於事件和發言的解釋也會不同。

Review 01-05
Supply the best word (or related form) from the list below.
accumulate, civilization, claim, considerable, context
1. Freedom from atmospheric haze is an important ________ for astronomers.
2. It is impossible to deny that the benefits of ________ are accompanied by a number of disadvantages.
3. Unfortunately, this bold new ________ is not supported by the facts as we know them.
4. Psychologists realize that events cannot be given meaning if they are removed from their actual ________.
5. No single discovery has disproved Smith’s theory; rather, the evidence against it has been ________ gradually.