进入后现代历史学的权威入门工具书
后现代历史学最具挑战性的疑问:
历史工作者是在发现历史真相,或是在制作自己的历史真相?
历史是什么?我们可不可能说过去真正发生了什么事情?可不可能得到客观性的了解?历史事实是什么?什么是偏见?历史学家应该发现偏见而予以去除吗?可能理解古人的想法吗?
历史是一门科学或艺术?生活在后现代世界的我们,如何重新认识并制作历史?
「历史是一种移动的、有问题的论述。表面上,它是关于世界的一个面相——过去。它是由一群具有当下心态的工作者(在我们的文化中,绝大部分的这些工作者都受薪)所创造。他们在工作中採取互相可以辨认的方式——在认识论、方法论、意识型态和实际操作上都有其一定的立场。而他们的作品,一旦流传出来,便会一连串的被使用和滥用。这些使用和滥用在逻辑上是无穷的,但在实际上通常与一系列任何时刻都存在的权力基础相对应,并且沿着一种从支配一切到无关紧要的光谱,建构并散布各种历史的意义。」——凯斯.詹京斯
本书从后现代主义的角度,重新思考历史的定义,思考历史与过去、与真实、与偏见、证据,及权力竞逐之间的互动关联。作者以简洁犀利的辩证,直指传统史学的迷思,并协助读者们以历史性、怀疑性和批判性的自觉思维,在后现代世界重新认识历史、制作历史。
作者简介
凯斯.詹京斯 (Keith Jenkins)
英国史学家。曾任教于西苏萨克斯高等教育暨史学方法研究院,现任齐切斯特研究所历史高级讲师,及研究所教育资格检定(PGCE)史学方法导师。致力于后现代主义史学观念的探讨及历史教育的发展。 着有《后现代历史学---从卡耳和艾尔顿到罗逖与怀特》(ON「WHAT IS HISTORY」:From Carr and Elton to Rorty and White)等书。
译者简介
贾士蘅
国立台湾大学历史系学士、考古人类学硕士,美国哈佛大学人类学系博士班肄业,美国威斯康辛大学东亚语文系博士班肄业。曾服务于中央研究院历史语文研究所,曾任美国丹佛市美术博物馆亚洲部研究员,现从事翻译工作。
译有《英国史》、《英国社会史》、《一次大战的源起》、《英国工人阶级的形成》、《知识社会史:从古腾堡到狄德罗》等书。
《历史的再思考》是一本挑战你固有认知,让你忍不住去质疑一切的书。作者用一种极为锋利和深刻的笔触,剖析了历史背后隐藏的权力结构、意识形态操纵以及信息不对称。我曾经以为历史是客观的,是早已注定的,然而这本书让我明白,历史的“真相”是动态的,是随着时间、视角和话语权而不断变化的。书中对“叙事”的解构,尤其让我印象深刻。作者揭示了历史是如何被“讲述”出来的,那些被选择、被放大、被忽略的部分,都塑造了我们对过去的认知。我开始反思,我所了解的历史,有多少是真实的记录,又有多少是被人为构建的“故事”?作者的写作方式非常具有感染力,他能够将宏大的历史概念,用生动、形象的语言呈现出来,让我仿佛置身于历史的洪流之中,亲身感受那些波澜壮阔的变迁。这本书让我意识到,学习历史,不仅仅是记忆,更是一种批判性的思考,一种对真相的不懈追求。
评分这本书带给我的震撼,更像是一种精神上的洗礼。我一直以为自己对历史有着基本的了解,然而,《历史的再思考》让我意识到,我所认知的历史,不过是冰山一角。作者以一种近乎解剖学的精准,剖析了历史事件背后的深层原因,那些隐藏在权力博弈、经济利益、意识形态冲突之下的驱动力。我被书中对“因果”关系的重塑所吸引,传统历史写作往往倾向于线性思维,将事件一一罗列,然后得出结论。但作者却跳脱出这种窠臼,他强调历史的复杂性和偶然性,指出许多重大的历史转折,并非必然,而是多种因素偶然交织的结果。这让我开始重新审视自己对历史的理解,也让我对自己过去的某些判断产生了怀疑。书中关于“记忆”与“遗忘”的章节,更是引发了我强烈的共鸣。历史并非固定不变的过去,而是不断被重塑、被诠释的现在。那些被选择性记忆的事件,那些被刻意遗忘的真相,都在以各种方式影响着我们的当下。作者巧妙地运用文学性的笔触,将冰冷的史实与生动的故事融为一体,让我仿佛置身于历史现场,亲眼目睹那些曾经发生过的一切。我开始理解,历史学并非仅仅是知识的堆砌,更是一种思维方式,一种理解世界、理解人类自身的独特视角。
评分这本书为我打开了一个全新的视角,让我重新审视那些我曾经深信不疑的历史“真相”。《历史的再思考》并非一本枯燥乏味的史书,而更像是一场与历史的深度对话。作者以一种极其富有启发性的方式,引导读者去质疑、去探索、去发现。我特别欣赏作者对“视角”的强调,他让我们看到,同一个事件,在不同的人眼中,在不同的时代,会有截然不同的解读。这种对历史主观性的深刻洞察,让我开始反思自己过去是如何被动接受历史信息的。书中关于“权力”与“叙事”之间关系的论述,更是让我醍醐灌顶。权力不仅仅体现在政治和军事层面,更体现在对历史叙事的塑造上。谁掌握了话语权,谁就可能掌握了定义过去、影响现在和未来的能力。作者的写作风格是如此的引人入胜,他能够将复杂的理论概念,用通俗易懂的比喻和生动的案例呈现出来,让我时常沉浸其中,忘却了时间的流逝。我开始意识到,学习历史,并非仅仅是记住那些人名和时间点,更重要的是去理解那些潜藏在事件背后的逻辑、动机和影响。
评分This work has fundamentally altered my perspective on how history is made and understood. It’s not about memorizing dates and names, but about understanding the very fabric of how narratives are woven, how power influences interpretation, and how our present-day lenses inevitably shape our view of the past. The author’s ability to deconstruct established historical accounts with such clarity and insight is remarkable. I was particularly struck by the detailed exploration of how seemingly minor events, when viewed through a different lens, can reveal the underlying currents that shaped major historical shifts. The book acts as a powerful antidote to historical simplification, urging readers to embrace nuance and complexity. It’s a humbling experience to realize how much of what we accept as historical truth is, in fact, a product of selective storytelling. The author's intellectual rigor, combined with a captivating prose style, makes this a truly unforgettable read, one that encourages continuous reflection and a lifelong engagement with the past.
评分This book is not merely a chronicle of the past; it is an invitation to engage with history on a profoundly intellectual and emotional level. The author's exploration of how historical understanding is shaped by our present-day contexts is particularly arresting. It’s like standing on a hill, and depending on where you stand, the landscape appears entirely different. The author masterfully illustrates how our contemporary biases, our cultural assumptions, and our political leanings inevitably color our interpretation of historical events. I was deeply impressed by the author's nuanced examination of the interplay between grand, sweeping historical forces and the micro-narratives of individual lives. The book challenges the notion of history as a monolithic, predetermined path, instead presenting it as a fluid, contested terrain, shaped by a myriad of human decisions, often driven by irrationality, passion, and a healthy dose of luck. The author’s refusal to offer simplistic explanations, instead embracing the inherent ambiguity and complexity of human experience, is what makes this book so compelling and so intellectually stimulating. I found myself constantly pausing, reflecting, and re-evaluating my own preconceived notions.
评分This book is an intellectual odyssey, a journey that takes you through the labyrinthine corridors of the past and forces you to confront the very nature of historical truth. The author's profound insight into the way human memory and collective consciousness shape historical narratives is nothing short of brilliant. I found myself constantly questioning my own assumptions and biases, realizing how deeply ingrained they are and how they influence my understanding of events. The book skillfully demonstrates that history is not a static entity, but rather a dynamic and ever-evolving construct, continuously being reinterpreted and reshaped. The author’s exploration of the power dynamics inherent in historical storytelling, and how dominant narratives often marginalize alternative perspectives, is particularly illuminating. It's a challenging read, but an incredibly rewarding one, offering a fresh and critical perspective on the events that have shaped our world. The author’s ability to synthesize complex ideas into a coherent and compelling argument is truly exceptional.
评分初读《历史的再思考》,我脑海中浮现的,并非宏大叙事的波澜壮阔,而是一种更为内敛、更为深刻的审视。仿佛置身于一个古老的图书馆,尘封的书籍散发出淡淡的墨香,每一页都藏着一个被遗忘的故事,等待着被重新发掘和解读。作者并非简单地陈述过往的事件,而是以一种近乎考古学家般耐心和严谨的态度,层层剥开历史的面纱,探寻那些被主流叙事所忽略的细节,那些支撑起时代洪流的细微之处。我尤其被作者对个体命运的关注所打动,历史不再是帝王将相的舞台,而是一个个鲜活个体悲欢离合的集合。那些普通人的呐喊、挣扎、爱与恨,如同散落在漫漫长河中的珍珠,闪烁着独特的光芒, illuminating the true human cost and complexity behind grand historical narratives. 这种视角让我深刻地认识到,每一个看似微不足道的选择,都可能在历史的巨轮上留下不可磨灭的印记,每一个被遗忘的名字,都可能代表着一个时代的缩影。书中对不同文化、不同文明之间互动关系的探讨,更是让我大开眼界。作者并没有将历史视为孤立的断层,而是描绘了一幅幅错综复杂、相互交织的画卷。不同文明的碰撞、融合、冲突,如同河流汇聚,共同塑造着人类文明的走向。我开始反思,我们所熟悉的“历史”究竟是如何被建构起来的?又是谁在定义着“正确”与“错误”?这种对既定史实的质疑,并非虚无主义的否定,而是一种更为负责任、更为自觉的学习态度。
评分读完《历史的再思考》,我感觉自己仿佛 undergone a radical transformation in how I perceive the past. It’s as if someone had meticulously arranged a grand tapestry of historical events, and the author, with a discerning eye and a surgeon's precision, began to unravel the threads, revealing the intricate knots, the hidden dyes, and the very warp and weft that formed the image. I was particularly struck by the author’s ability to weave together seemingly disparate elements, drawing connections between the grand sweep of empires and the intimate struggles of individuals, between the pronouncements of kings and the whispers of the marketplace. This isn't a book that offers easy answers; rather, it poses profound questions, challenging the reader to move beyond passive consumption of historical narratives and engage in active, critical inquiry. The author's exploration of how narratives are constructed, how victors write history, and how marginalized voices are often silenced, resonated deeply with me. It's a humbling experience to realize that so much of what we consider "historical fact" is, in fact, a carefully curated interpretation, a story told from a particular vantage point. The book’s relentless pursuit of nuance and complexity in understanding human motivations and societal dynamics is truly commendable.
评分《历史的再思考》如同一面明镜,照出了我认知历史的盲区和局限。作者以一种非常具象化的方式,向我展示了历史并非如教科书般线性、有序,而是充满了断裂、重叠与矛盾。我开始意识到,我们所熟知的“历史”,往往是经过筛选、加工和重构的产物,而那些被遗忘、被边缘化的声音,才可能更接近事实的真相。书中关于“身份”与“他者”的讨论,让我深思。历史是如何定义“我们”与“他们”的?这种定义又如何影响着我们对历史事件的评判?作者并没有给出简单的答案,而是引导读者自己去探索这些复杂的问题。我被作者那种近乎偏执的求真精神所打动,他不断地追问,不断地质疑,直到拨开层层迷雾,展现出历史本来的面貌。这种写作风格,让我既感到了挑战,又充满了探索的乐趣。我发现自己开始用一种全新的眼光去审视那些曾经熟悉的历史人物和事件,我不再满足于表面的解读,而是渴望去挖掘更深层次的动机和影响。
评分这本书给我的感觉,就像是在一次深度考古挖掘中,我跟随作者的脚步,一层一层地剥离历史的泥土,发现那些被掩埋的珍贵遗迹。作者并没有急于下结论,而是耐心地引导我,一步一步地去感受、去思考。我被书中对“偶然性”在历史进程中所扮演角色的强调所深深吸引。我们常常试图用必然性来解释历史,将事件串联成一条清晰的因果链,然而,作者却提醒我,许多重大的转折,都源于一系列意想不到的偶然。这种对历史不可预测性的认识,让我感到既不安又兴奋。不安是因为,这意味着我们对历史的掌控力可能远比想象的要小;兴奋是因为,这意味着历史充满了可能性,充满了未知。作者在文中对于不同文化背景下历史叙事差异的分析,更是让我大开眼界。他让我们看到,所谓的“世界史”,其实是无数个多元视角交织而成的 mosaic,每一个视角都包含着独特的真理。
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