当代中文语法点全集（二版） pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

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• 二版
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　　Features:
　　345 entries of modern Chinese grammar, arranged alphabetically by Hanyu Pinyin.
　　Designed specifically for Chinese language learners of all levels.
　　Grammatical entries include three subsections: Function, Structure and Usage.

　　(1) The Function section answers the questions ‘What is the purpose of this grammar item?’ and ‘How do native speakers use it?’

　　(2) The Structure section explains grammar points, including descriptions of negative and interrogative structures, so that learners can become skilled at making sentences using negative structures and asking questions.

　　(3) A Usage section is provided when applicable to compare and contrast structures found in the Chinese and English languages.

　　This reference guide can give learners a clear understanding of grammar points and help them master Chinese.

　　Excellent companion to any Chinese learning textbook.

本书特色

　　语法点由 A~Z 编排，方便查找搜寻
　　语法点范围涵盖基础（Basic）到高阶（Advanced）程度
　　全书中文例句或汉字均附有汉语拼音及英文翻译
　　每个语法点详列：功能、结构、用法，完整介绍该语法
　　每个语法点提供多个典型例句，帮助理解使用的情境
　　能使学习者快速理解语法形式及结构，了解怎么用、什么时候用，以及用在什么地方
　　华语教师、中文学习者必备的工具书
　　可搭配任何中文学习教材参考使用

书籍简介 《汉字演变史论纲》 作者：李明德 教授 出版社：华夏文史出版社 出版年份：2023年 --- 内容概述： 《汉字演变史论纲》是一部系统梳理和深入剖析汉字发展脉络的学术专著。本书以宏大的历史视野，追溯了从原始刻符到现代规范汉字的数千年演变历程，重点探讨了汉字在不同历史阶段的形态变化、结构演进及其背后的文化、社会动因。全书结构严谨，论证详实，旨在为研究者、学习者提供一个全面而深入的汉字学研究框架。 第一部分：远古曙光与文字的萌芽 本部分着重考察汉字起源的神秘阶段。作者首先辨析了陶器刻符、岩画等与成熟文字之间的关系，提出了“符号系统”向“语素文字”转化的关键节点。随后，详细分析了甲骨文的成熟形态及其在殷商时期的功能定位——主要服务于王室的祭祀、占卜与记事。对甲骨文的字形结构、书写载体（龟甲、兽骨）的特点，以及其所反映的早期社会意识形态进行了深入的解读。本书强调，甲骨文已具备了“六书”的基本构造原理，是汉字系统化的起点。 第二部分：金文的庄重与篆书的统一 随着周王朝的建立，青铜器成为重要的载体，金文（钟鼎文）应运而生。本章详细比较了西周、春秋、战国时期金文的风格差异，指出其在内容上承载了大量的册命、赏赐、战争记录，其书写规范性在一定程度上强化了中央集权。 重点在于秦代的文字变革。作者将“书同文”视为中国历史上第一次大规模的文字规范运动。本书用大量篇幅分析了小篆的结构特征，论证了李斯等人如何通过标准化，彻底解决了战国文字的异形难题。同时，也探讨了隶书在秦代萌芽的重要性——隶变是汉字发展史上最关键的一次转折，它彻底打破了象形表意的线条结构，奠定了后世楷书的笔画基础。 第三部分：隶变：从古文字到今文字的飞跃 隶变是本书的理论核心之一。作者摒弃了将隶书简单视为小篆草化的观点，提出隶变是汉字为适应日益繁复的书写需求而进行的一次结构性的“符号化重构”。本部分深入分析了隶书“蚕头燕尾”的笔法特征，以及方块字形初步定型的过程。 紧接着，本书探讨了汉代隶书的成熟与定型，特别关注了隶书在简牍、缣帛上的应用，这使得文字得以更广泛地服务于行政、教育和私人信件。通过对汉碑的细致考察，展示了隶书在不同地域和书家手中的多样性与艺术价值。 第四部分：楷书的成熟与书体的并存发展 魏晋南北朝时期，楷书（真书）最终确立，并成为沿用至今的标准字体。本书论述了楷书形成过程中融合了隶书的笔意和草书的便捷性。对曹魏时期钟繇、东晋时期王羲之父子的贡献进行了细致梳理，分析了楷书结构如何趋于平稳、方正，笔画如何规范化，以及其最终在唐代达到艺术高峰的历程。 在楷书确立的同时，草书（章草、今草）与行书也得到了充分的发展。本书区别论述了这三种书体的功用差异：楷书用于规范誊抄，行书用于日常实用书写，草书则成为高度符号化和艺术化的表达形式。对“二王”一脉的书法美学思想进行了梳理。 第五部分：宋元以来的字体演变与印刷术的影响 宋代以后，随着雕版印刷术和活字印刷术的普及，宋体（明体）字体的形成成为新的焦点。作者分析了印刷技术对汉字字形的影响——为了适应雕刻工艺，宋体字形更加匀称、横细竖粗，笔画的起收处理趋于程式化。这标志着手写体与印刷体开始分野。 本书的最后一部分展望了近现代汉字的发展。探讨了简化字运动的历史背景、理论基础及其对汉字结构的影响。同时，也讨论了信息化时代，汉字在输入法、数字化处理等方面面临的新挑战与适应性变化。 本书特色： 1. 多学科交叉印证： 结合考古学、文献学、文字学和书法史的研究成果，构建立体化的汉字史叙事。 2. 结构分析深入： 不仅描述字形变化，更注重探究笔画、偏旁部首的结构逻辑演变，解释“为什么会这样变”。 3. 图版丰富详实： 包含大量历代重要出土文献（如甲骨、金文拓片、汉隶碑刻、魏晋墓志）的精选摹本与高清图片，便于读者直观对比研究。 目标读者： 中国语言文学、历史学、考古学专业的研究生及高年级本科生；对汉字文化、书法艺术有浓厚兴趣的社会读者与爱好者。本书是理解汉字这一中华文明核心符号的权威参考书。

编着者简介

邓守信

　　Shou-hsin Teng, PhD
　　Professor of Chinese Linguistics
　　University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass, USA (retired)
　　National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan (retired)
　　Maa Fa Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
　　Dept. of Chinese as a Second Language, Chungyuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan (current)

策划者简介

国立台湾师范大学国语教学中心

　　国立台湾师范大学国语教学中心成立于 1956 年，隶属于国立台湾师范大学，是台湾历史最悠久、规模最完备、教学最有成效的华语文教学机构。学员来自全世界各地，许多汉学界知名学者及政经界名人都曾在此就读，在国际间享誉盛名。

　　The Mandarin Training Center (MTC) is founded in 1956. The MTC, a subsidiary of National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), is the largest and oldest institution dedicated to teaching Chinese as a second language in Taiwan. The center has well-equipped facilities and is internationally renowned for its high teaching quality. MTC’s students come from all over the world, and many renowned sinology scholars and important figures in the politics and financial are its alumni.
 

A
A-not-A Questions
Answering Questions in Chinese
按照, ànzhào, (Prep), in accordance with

B
吧, ba, (Ptc), Making Suggestions
把, bǎ, (Ptc), To Dispose of Something (1)
把, bǎ, (Ptc), Moving an Object to a Location (2)
把, bǎ, (Ptc), with V1V2V3 (3)
把, bǎ, (Ptc), V (一) V, Disposal with Verb Reduplication (4)
把, bǎ, (Ptc), with Resultative Complements (5)
把, bǎ, (Ptc), Unintentional Event (6)
把 A 当做 B, (bǎ A dàngzuò B), to treat or take A as B (7)
白, bái, (Adv), in vain, all for nothing
帮, bāng, (Prep), on behalf of
被, bèi, (Ptc), A Passive Marker (See 受 shòu entry also)
比, bǐ, (Prep), Comparison (1)
比, bǐ, (Prep), Intensifying a State with 一 M 比 一 M, more and more X, more X than the last (2)
比较, bǐjiào, (Adv), Implicit Comparison (3)
比起来, bǐqǐlái, Comparison (4)
毕竟, bìjìng, (Adv), after all, to Urge Concession
别的, biéde, other
别再⋯了,bié zài…le, stop doing it
并, bìng, (Adv), 并 + Negation, Contrary to Expectation
不, bù, vs. 没, méi, Negation (1)
不, bù, Negative Potential Complement (2)
-部-bù, or -边-biān, Locative Markers
不但 A，还 B, (búdàn (Conj) A, hái (Adv) B), not only A, but also B
不但 A，而且 B, (búdàn (Conj) A, érqiě (Conj) B), not only A but also B
不到, búdào, less than
不得不, bùdébù, have no choice but to…
不管 A 都 B, (bùguǎn (Conj) A dōu (Adv) B), regardless of whether or not
不见得, bújiàndé, (Adv), not necessarily
不禁, bùjīn, (Adv), uncontrollably, cannot help but…
不如, bùrú, (Vst), not as good as
不是, búshì, Negation
不是 A 就是 B, (bú shì A jiù shì B), if it's not A, then it’s B
不是 A，而是 B, (bú shì A, ér shì B), not A ; rather B
不说, bùshuō , in S1 不说，S2 也yě, not merely, but also (complaining)
不太, bútài, not very
不停, bù tíng, as in Verb + 个不停, keep on
不再⋯了, (bú zài…le), not…any more
不只, bùzhǐ, (Adv), not merely, exceeding
不至于, bùzhìyú, (Adv), but the situation would not be so bad as to…

C
才, cái, (Adv), merely, only (1)
才, cái, (Adv), longer/later than expected (2)
才, cái, (Adv), then and only then (3)
才, cái, (Adv), to outrightly deny (4)
才 A 就 B, (cái A jiù B), only just A, and B already (5)
曾经, céngjīng, (Adv), experience in the past, V’ed before
差不多, chàbùduō, (Vs, Adv), In Various Functions
差一点（就）, chàyīdiǎn (jiù), (Adv), almost
趁, chèn, (Prep), seize the moment
成, chéng, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, to become, to turn into (1)
成, chéng, (Ptc), As a verb complement, successful(ly) (2)
成语, chéngyǔ, 四字格, Four-Character Phrases
出, chū, (Ptc), Verb Particle, to have emerged
出来, chūlái, as Verb Complement, to figure out
除了 A，还 B, (chúle (Prep) A , hái (Adv) B), in addition to
Complement of Intensification in Comparison Structures (1)
Complements, 极了jíle, 得不得了de bùdéliǎo, 得很de hěn, terribly, extremely (2)
从 A 到 B, (cóng (Prep) A dào (Prep) B), from A to B
从 A 往 B, (cóng (Prep) A wǎng (Prep) B), go A from B
从⋯起, (cóng (Prep)…qǐ (Ptc)), starting from…
从来, cónglái, (Adv), 从来 + Negation, never

D
当⋯的时候, (dāng…de shíhòu), when, while, at the time of
到, dào, (Prep), Destination Marker (1)
到, dào, (Prep), Destination Marker for Movement Verbs (2)
到, dào, (Prep), Post-verbal Preposition, up to, till (3)
到, dào, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, to be successful in… (4)
到底, dàodǐ, (Adv), after all? how on earth…?
倒是, dàoshì, (Adv), on the other hand
得, de, (Ptc), Complement Marker (1)
得, de, (Ptc), Complement Marker, used in comparing the results of actions (2)
得, de, (Ptc), Complement Marker, so…that… (3)
得, de, (Ptc), Positive Potential Complement Marker (4) (See 不(2))
的, de, (Ptc), Possessive Marker (1)
的, de, (Ptc), Modifier Marker (2)
的, de, (Ptc), with the Head Noun Omitted (3)
的, de, (Ptc), to Mark Assurance, co-occuring often with会huì (Vaux) (4)
的话, de huà, if, supposing
的时候, de shíhòu, when, at the time of
等, děng, (Ptc), enumeration particle, etc…
等 A 就 B,(děng A jiù B), when A comes, then B
的确, díquè, (Adv), indeed
掉, diào, (Ptc), Verb Particle, separated from
Directional Constructions V1V2 and V1V2V3
Disposal Construction (See 把bǎ,1-7)
懂, dǒng, (Vs, Vp), Complement Indicating Cognitive Ability as a Result
动, dòng, (Vp), used as a verb complement, capable of causing movement
动不动就, dòngbùdòng jiù, whenever one pleases to do something impetuously
都, dōu, (Adv), totality, all (1)
都, dōu, (Adv), expressing displeasure, annoyance or surprise (2)
对, duì , (Prep), towards
对 A 有B, (duì (Prep) A yǒu (Vs) B), to be B in A
对⋯来说, (duì (Prep)…lái shuō), as far as...is concerned, for
对⋯讲究, (duì (Prep) …jiǎngjiù (Vst)), to be discerning, discriminating, particular about
对于, duìyú, (Prep, Ptc), towards, regarding (1)
对于⋯而言, (duìyú (Prep)…ér yán), as far as… is concerned (2)
多, duō, (Vs), more than, over, and some (1)
多, duō, (Adv), as in 多+Verb, more… than planned (2)
多, duō, (Adv), intensifying, how…! (3)
多少, duōshǎo, (Adv), likely, at least

E
而且, érqiě, (Conj), furthermore
Existential Sentence with Posture Verbs (1)
Existential Sentence with有yǒu (2)

F
反而, fǎn'ér, (Adv), on the contrary
反正, fǎnzhèng, (Adv), at any rate, anyway
方面, fāngmiàn, (N), as in 在⋯方面, with respect to; regarding
非⋯不可, (fēi…bùkě), it is imperative that
否则, fǒuzé, (Conj), otherwise
Four-Character Phrases (See 成语chéngyǔ,)

G
V 个够, V ge gòu, to have a full dosage of an activity
各 V 各的, (gè V gè de), each doing her/his own…
给, gěi, (Prep), Various Meanings (1)
给, gěi, (Prep), Indirect Object Marker (2)
给⋯带来, (gěi (Prep)…dàilái), to bring…to (3)
跟, gēn, (Prep), Companionship (1)
跟, gēn, (Prep), Various Meanings of the Preposition (2)
跟⋯一样, (gēn (Prep)…yíyàng), Comparison
跟 B 有关的 A, (gēn (Prep) B yǒuguān de A), A that relates to B, A that concern B
根本, gēnběn, (Adv), not…at all, absolutely not
更, gèng, (Adv), Intensification in Comparison, even more so
更别说 B 了, (gèng bié shuō B le), let alone, never mind
惯, guàn, (Ptc), indicating ‘getting used to a routine’
光 A 就 B, (guāng (Adv) A jiù (Adv) B), just A alone…
关于, guānyú, (Vs, Ptc), about, regarding
过, guò, (Ptc), Experience Aspect (1)
过, guò, (Ptc), Phase Aspect Marker, Completion of Action (2)

H
还, hái, (Adv), still (unchanged, incomplete) (1)
还, hái, (Adv), to my surprise (2)
还是 A 吧, (háishì (Adv) A ba (Ptc)), it will be better if A, it would be best if A
好, hǎo, as in 好+Verb, nice to, easy to (1)
好, hǎo, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, all set and ready (2)
好不容易, hǎobù róngyì , (idiom), only after a tremendous amount of...
何必, hébì, (Adv), why must
何况, hékuàng, (Adv), let alone, no need to mention
很, hěn, (Adv), Intensification Marker
恨不得, hènbùdé, one really wishes one could…
后来, hòulái, (Adv), next in sequence
会, huì, (Vaux), aquired skills, can, able to (1)
会, huì, (Vaux), likelihood (2)
会, huì, (Vaux), as Verb Complement (3)

J
既 A 又 B, (jì (Adv) A yòu (Adv) B), not only A, but also B
既然 A 就 B, (jìrán (Conj) A jiù (Adv) B), Concession, since A then B
见, jiàn, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, perceived
渐渐, jiànjiàn, (Adv), gradually, slowly
简直, jiǎnzhí, (Adv), to put it simply and plainly, it seems as if
叫, jiào, (V), Imperative Verb
结果, jiéguǒ, (Adv), consequently, (Conj), in the end
几乎, jīhū, (Adv), almost
经过, jīngguò, (Prep), after
竟然, jìngrán, (Adv), to the speaker’s great surprise, unbelievably
就, jiù, (Adv), sooner than expected (1)
就, jiù, (Adv), in V了A 就 B ,(V le A jiù B), do B right after doing A (2)
就, jiù, (Adv), on the contrary (3)
就算 S1，也 S2, (jiùsuàn S1, yě S2), even if S1, would S2, no matter how
就要⋯了, (jiù yào… le), will soon
究竟, jiùjìng, (Adv), I wonder
居然, jūrán, (Adv), to one’s surprise

K
看, kàn, (V), as in V V 看, to try and see, to try out (1)
看, kàn, (V), depend on (2)
靠, kào, (V / Prep), to rely on, by means of
可, kě, (Adv), but on the other hand, stating a mild warning
可见, kějiàn, (Conj), it can thus be concluded that…
可以, kěyǐ, (Vaux), Permission (1)
可以, kěyǐ, (Vaux), Possibility (2)
恐怕, kǒngpà, (Adv), probably, I’m afraid that
快一点, kuài yìdiǎn, hurry up

L
来, lái, (V), as in 来 + VP, to come to do something (1)
来, lái, as a verb complement, to get along well, to be able to relate to each other well (2)
了1, le, (Ptc), Completed Action (1)
了1 , le, (Ptc), Followed by Time-Duration (2)
了2, le, (Ptc), Change in Situation (3)
了2 , (Ptc), in 快⋯了, kuài…le, about to (4)
了1⋯了2, (le (Ptc)… le (Ptc)), Completion-to-date (5)
离, lí, (Prep), distance from
离合词, líhécí, Separable Verbs
连 A 都 B, (lián (Prep) A dōu (Adv) B), even
了, liǎo, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, capability
另外的, lìngwài de, another (See 别的biéde)
乱, luàn, (Adv), as in 乱＋Verb, to do somethng in an irresponsible manner risking undersirable consequences

M
吗, ma, (Ptc), Asking Questions (1)
吗, ma, (Ptc), Confrontational (2)
嘛, ma, (Ptc), isn’t it obvious that
满, mǎn, (Vs), as Verb Complement, crowded with (1)
满, mǎn, (Vpt), to reach a ceiling (2)
Measures, (nominal), Units for Counting Nouns in Chinese (1)
Measures, (verbal), 下 xià, 趟 tàng, 遍biàn, and 次cì (2)
Measure 一M一M as Manner, one at a time
没有, méi yǒu, as used in Inferior Comparison
每, měi, (Det), each and every (1)
每, měi, (Det), as in 每+Time Expression, Frequency (2)
免得, miǎnde, (Adv), lest, so as to avoid
明明, míngmíng, (Adv), it should be obvious to everyone that…
Multiple Verb Phrases

N
拿⋯来说, (ná (Prep)…lái shuō), take…as an example
哪里, nǎlǐ, (Adv), rhetorical question
难, nán, as in 难 + Verb, Special Meanings (See 好 (1))
难道, nándào, (Adv), how could it possibly be true
难得, nándé, (Adv), rarely
难怪, nánguài, (Adv), no wonder
难免, nánmiǎn, (Adv), inevitably, it is only natural that
难以, nányǐ, (Vaux), to find it difficult to…
呢, ne, (Ptc), Contrastive tag Questions
能1, néng, (Vaux), Capability (1)
能2, néng, (Vaux), Permission (2)
能3, néng, (Vaux), Possibility (3)
宁可 A 也要 B, (níngkě (Adv) A, yě (Adv) yào (Vaux) B), would rather A , in order to B
弄, nòng, (V), General Pro-Verb (1)
弄, nòng, (V), General Causative Verb (2)

O
Omission of Nouns at 2nd Mention

P
偏偏, piānpiān, (Adv), contrary to expectation, deliberately, annoyingly
Pronouns Interrogative to Refer to All-inclusion or All-exclusion (1)
Pronouns Interrogative in Non-committal Stance (2)

Q
起, qǐ, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, to be able to afford (1)
起, qǐ, (Ptc), as Verb Particle, to touch upon (2)
起来, qǐlái, as Verb Complement, assessment of situations (1)
起来, qǐlái, as Verb Complement in 想起来xiǎngqǐlái, to have remembered (2)
起来, qǐlái, as Verb Complement, with inchoative meaning (3)
其他的, qítā de, the others (See 别的biéde)
去, qù, (Vi), as in 去+VP, to go do something
却, què, (Adv), however

R
让, ràng, (V), to let someone do something
然后, ránhòu, (Adv), next in sequence (See 后来hòulái)
Reduplication of Verbs, to indicate softened action (1).
Reduplication of State Verbs for Intensification (2)
Reduplication of Disyllabic State Verbs (3)
Reduplication of Disyllabic Verbs for Tentative Action (4)
Reduplication of Verbs in V了V (5)
Relatve Clause A 的 B, Clause as Modifier of Noun
仍然, réngrán, (Adv), still the same, same as before
Repetition of Verbs, as in V 来 V 去, (V lái V qù) , repetitively, back and forth

S
Separable Verbs (See 离合词líhécí,)
似乎, sìhū, (Adv), it seems that, it gives somebody the impression that
所, suǒ, (Ptc), Verb Marker
上, shàng, (V), Various Meanings of the Verb (1)
上, shàng, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, coming into contact (2)
上, shàng, (Ptc), as in 在 NP 上, regarding NP (3)
少, shǎo, (Adv), as in 少+Verb, less… than planned (See 多(2))
谁知道, sheí zhīdào, who would have thought that…?
什么都⋯，就是⋯, (shénme dōu…, jiùshì…), everything but…
甚至, shènzhì, (Adv), even
是, shì, (Ptc), it is indeed true that
是⋯的, shì…de, to Focus, it was A that B
是不是, shìbúshì, is it the case that…?
使得, shǐde, (Vst), expressing causation, so as to make
受, shòu, (Vst), a Passive Marker (see also 被bèi entry)
受到⋯影响, (shòudào…yǐngxiǎng), to be influenced by, affected by
说, shuō, (V), speak, vs. 谈, tán, (V), talk
说到, shuōdào, talking of
说 A 就 A, (shuō A jiù A), happening instantly without prior warning
死了, sǐle, A Post-Verbal Intensifier, terribly
四字格, sìzìgé, Four-Character Phrases (See 成语chéngyǔ)
算了, suànle, forget it, drop it
算是, suànshì, (V), can be considered…
随着S1，S2 也, (suízhe (Prep) S1, S2 yě (Adv)), as a consequence of

T
太⋯了, tài (Adv)…le, overly, excessively
谈, tán, (V), talk, vs. 说, shuō, (V), speak (See 说shuō)
谈到, tándào, talking of (See 说到shuōdào)
Time and Place of Events (1)
Time-When vs. Time-Duration (2)
Time-Duration ‘for a period of time’ (3)
Topic in Sentence (1)
Topic as Contrastive (2)
透过, tòuguò, (Prep), by means of

W
完, wán, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, completion of action
万一, wànyī, (Adv), supposing, in the event of something negative
往往, wǎngwǎng, (Adv), usually, tend to
为, wèi, (Prep), Beneficiary Marker, beneficiary of an action
为了, wèile, (Prep), in order to
无论 A 都 B, (wúlùn (Conj) A dōu (Adv) B), regardless of what…
无所谓, wúsuǒwèi, (Vs), does not matter

X
下, xià, (Ptc), as Verb Complement, enough space to accommodate
下来, xiàlái, a summary of the various meanings of the verb complement下来
下去, xiàqù, as Verb Complement, to keep on doing something
先 A 再 B, (xiān (Adv) A zài (Adv) B), first A, and then B
向, xiàng, (Prep), to, toward
A 像 B 一样, (A xiàng B yíyàng), A is just like B
像…的+ Noun, (xiàng…de + Noun), such (nouns) as
幸亏, xìngkuī, (Adv), fortunately

Y
要是 A 就 B, (yàoshì A jiù B), Condition and Consequence
以, yǐ, (Prep), classical Chinese, indicating instrument
以后, yǐhòu, (N), in the future, after (Also see 后来hòulái)
以及, yǐjí, (Conj), as well as
以内, yǐnèi, within
一A 就 B, (yì A jiù B), as soon as
一般来说, yìbān láishuō, generally speaking
一边 A 一边 B, (yìbiān A yìbiān B), connecting two simultaneous events, doing A and B at the same time
一点, yìdiǎn, (N), a bit, a little
一点也不 V, (yìdiǎn yě bù V), emphatic negation
一方面 A，一方面 B, (yì fāngmiàn A, yì fāngmiàn B), doing A on the one hand, B on the other
一口气, yìkǒuqì, in one breath, without interruption
一来 A，二来 B, (yìlái A, èrlái B), on the one hand A, and on the other B; firstly A, secondly B
一连, yìlián, (Adv), without interruption, in rapid succession
一下 A，一下 B, (yíxià A, yíxià B), referring to alternating events
一向, yíxiàng, (Adv), all along, has always…
以为, yǐwéi, (Vst), to have wrongly thought that …
因为 A，所以 B, (yīnwèi (Conj) A, suǒyǐ (Conj) B), to express cause and effect
因为 A 才 B, (yīnwèi (Conj) A cái (Adv) B), only because A, B…; B is true, only since A is like this
因为 NP，S…, (yīnwèi (Prep) NP, S…), because of NP, S…
因为 A 而 B, (yīnwèi (Conj) A ér (Adv) B), therefore, consequently
由, yóu, (Prep), Introducing an Agent, an Actor
尤其是, yóuqí shì, especially
有, yǒu, (Vst), to possess, to have, to own (1)
有, yǒu, (Vs), in Existential Sentence, there’s… (2) (See Existential Sentence with 有)
有, yǒu, (Vs), to mark the existence of a subject, there’s someone, there’s something… (3)
有时候 A, 有时候 B, (yǒu shíhòu A, yǒu shíhòu B), sometimes A, and sometimes B
有一点, yǒu yìdiǎn, slightly
有助于, yǒu zhù yú, be conducive to
又A又B, (yòu (Adv) A yòu (Adv) B), both A and B
与其 A，不如 B, (yǔqí (Conj) A, bùrú (Conj) B), would rather B than A
于是, yúshì, (Conj), thus, consequently, thereupon
越 A 越 B, (yuè (Adv) A yuè (Adv) B), the more A, the more B

Z
在, zài, (Prep), Locative Marker, at, located at, situated at (1)
在, zài, (Prep), Marking the Location of an Activity (2)
在, zài, (Vs), Progressive, On-going Actions, at Ving, is in the middle of V+ing (3)
在, zài, as Verb Complement, Resultant Location (4)
在⋯方面, (zài...fāngmiàn), with respect to; regarding (See 方面fāngmiàn)
在⋯下, (zài…xià), under the…, due to the…
再 A 也 B, (zài A yě B), no matter how A, still B
再不 A 就 B 了, (zài bù A jiù B le),urgent conditional, if A doesn’t happen now, B is sure to follow
再加上, zài jiāshàng, furthermore
再说, zàishuō, (Conj), besides, moreover
早就⋯了, (zǎo jiù…le), long since…
怎么, zěnme, (Adv), asking how, asking about a manner of doing things, how, in what way
怎么这么, zěnme zhème, why so…?
占, zhàn, (Vst), to constitute
照, zhào, (Adv), deliberately, persist in
这么说, zhème shuō, that being the case, in that case
这下子, zhèxiàzi, that being the case, as a consequence
这样一来, zhèyàng yìlái, that being the case, that way
着, zhe, (Ptc), ongoing, continuative action, in the state of V+ing (1)
着, zhe, (Ptc), used in Manner of an Action (2)
着, zhe, (Ptc), repeated, as in V 着 V 着，就⋯了, (V zhe V zhe, jiù…le), while doing A, B happens (3)
V 着玩, V zhe wán, do something just for fun
只不过⋯(而已), (zhǐ bùguò…(éryǐ)), merely…; nothing more than…
只好, zhǐhǎo, (Adv), concession, could only, have no choice but to
只要 A，就 B, (zhǐyào (Conj) A, jiù (Adv) B), B is true, as long as A is true.
只有 A，才 B, (zhǐyǒu A, cái B), cannot B, unless A
至于, zhìyú, (Ptc), introducing a new topic, as to, as far as… is concerned
中, zhōng, a summary of the various meanings
自, zì, (Prep), from (formal)
自从⋯以后, (zìcóng (Prep)…yǐhòu (N)), ever since...
总是, zǒngshì, (Adv), always, in all cases, without exception
总算, zǒngsuàn, (Adv), finally
走, zǒu, (Ptc), as a Verb Particle, away

索引

 

评分☆☆☆☆☆

说实话，当初选择这本书，很大程度上是被它的“全面”二字所吸引。我对中文的掌握程度一直处于一个不上不下的尴尬阶段，基础语法 вроде ok，但越往深处去，就越感觉力不从心，很多微妙的表达方式和固定搭配总是出错。这本书的内容密度确实惊人，几乎涵盖了我能想到的所有当代中文语法现象，从最基础的词性变化到复杂的句式结构，再到一些非常地道的口语表达和书面语习惯，都有详尽的阐述。我特别喜欢它在每个章节最后设置的练习题，这些题目设计得非常巧妙，不仅能检验我对知识点的掌握程度，更能引导我去思考语法在实际运用中的多样性。我通常会先阅读讲解，然后尝试做题，再对照答案和解析，这个过程让我对语法规则有了更深刻的理解，也更清楚自己在哪方面还有不足。而且，书中对很多容易被忽略的细节也进行了着重强调，比如一些副词的排序、量词的选用，甚至是介词的微妙差别，这些看似微不足道的细节，恰恰是区分中文学习者水平的关键。这本书的出现，让我感觉自己的中文学习终于有了一个可以信赖的“导航仪”，可以指引我更有效地前行。

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我对中文学习的热情一直是时高时低，常常在遇到瓶颈时感到沮丧。在接触这本书之前，我曾尝试过好几种不同的学习方法，但总感觉自己像是在“原地踏步”。这本书的到来，为我提供了一个全新的视角。它将复杂的语法问题分解成一个个可管理的小模块，并用循序渐进的方式引导我逐步攻克。我尤其欣赏它在解释一些疑难点时所采用的“溯源”方法，它会追溯到词语的本义或者是一些早期用法，帮助我理解这些语法现象的演变和发展。这种深度解析，让我对中文的理解不再停留在表面，而是能够触及到更深层的结构和规律。即使是一些我之前认为“记不住”的语法规则，在书中的详尽解释和大量实例支撑下，也变得清晰易懂，甚至能够举一反三。这本书的语言风格十分严谨，但又不失亲切，没有那种高高在上的学术腔调，更像是一位经验丰富的老师，耐心地解答着每一个学生的疑问。我曾反复阅读过其中关于动词时态和语态的部分，以前觉得十分困扰，现在则能熟练掌握其运用。

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当我拿到这本书时，最先吸引我的是它的排版设计。我一直觉得，好的学习工具书，不仅内容要扎实，形式上的清晰和美观也同样重要。这本书在这方面做得非常出色，每一页都充满了条理性和逻辑性，阅读起来非常舒适。重点突出的方式很有效，关键概念和术语都有明确的标识，方便我快速定位和回顾。而且，它在举例方面也相当用心，选择的例句都是生活中非常常见且贴近实际的，这让我能够更容易地将所学的语法点与实际沟通场景联系起来。我记得有一次，我被一个朋友的中文表达弄糊涂了，大概意思是我理解了，但就是说不清楚为什么他那样说。回去查了这本书，竟然找到了类似的例子，并且解释得清清楚楚，原来是某种非常规的语序或者是一种习惯性的搭配，我自己完全没有意识到。这种“恍然大悟”的体验，是很多其他同类书籍无法给予的。此外，书中穿插的一些语法小贴士和文化背景介绍，也让学习过程变得更加有趣和有深度。它不仅仅是一本语法书，更像是一位博学的朋友，在娓娓道来中文的奥秘。

评分☆☆☆☆☆

进行分隔。 *** 这本书简直是为我量身打造的学习指南！作为一名对中文有浓厚兴趣的国际学生，我一直在寻找一本能够系统梳理中文语法精髓的工具书。市面上类似的教材不计其数，但要么过于浅显，要么过于专业，总感觉少了点什么。直到我翻开这本书，那种豁然开朗的感觉就扑面而来。它没有辜负我的期待，用一种极其清晰、逻辑严谨的方式，将中文里那些看似零散、难以捉摸的语法点一一呈现在我眼前。我尤其欣赏它在解释每一个语法点时，不仅仅是给出定义和例句，而是深入剖析了其背后的逻辑和使用场景，让我能够真正理解“为什么”是这样，而不是死记硬背。举个例子，关于“把”字句和“被”字句的区分，这本书提供了非常详尽的对比分析，还列举了大量容易混淆的例子，并给出了修正建议，这对我来说实在是太重要了。之前很多次在写作中都吃过亏，现在终于找到了解决之道。更难得的是，书中的语言风格既严谨又不失生动，读起来不会让人感到枯燥乏味。每一次的阅读，都像是在和一位经验丰富的中文老师在对话，总能获得新的启发和收获。我强烈推荐给所有想要深入学习中文语法的朋友们，相信你们也一定会被它深深吸引。

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收到！以下是为您创作的五段图书评价，以读者的口吻，字数接近300字，内容详尽且风格各异，绝不包含“当当代中文语法点全集（二版）”这本书本身的内容，并使用