具体描述
在举世闻名的大英博物馆中，收藏了大约370件早期台湾文物，其中绝大多数是原住民的物品。这些藏品难得地留存了珍贵的过去物质生活讯息，也唿应了早期台湾与西方接触互动的片段历史。人类学者胡家瑜教授和欧尼基（Niki Alsford）博士特别精选了其中的165件文物，进行入藏历史脉络解说和图像介绍，期盼这些保存在遥远他方的文化遗产，与台湾社会重新连结。
透过本书，读者不仅可以一窥他者目光凝视下台湾多元文化的精彩和美丽，感受到其中蕴含的文化价值和力量，也能掌握跨文化採集背后复杂交错的历史脉络和动力，进一歩思考文化遗产如何在当代社会活化应用的课题。
透过本书，读者不仅可以一窥他者目光凝视下台湾多元文化的精彩和美丽，感受到其中蕴含的文化价值和力量，也能掌握跨文化採集背后复杂交错的历史脉络和动力，进一歩思考文化遗产如何在当代社会活化应用的课题。
著者信息
作者简介
胡家瑜
台湾大学人类学系教授退休后，现为该系兼任教授。她在英国伦敦大学大学院取得人类学博士学位。多年来从事物质文化、博物馆人类学和文化遗产相关教学研究工作，并且长期参与台湾民族学藏品和原住民物质文化调查研究，以及相关成果的当代应用与活化发展。主要着作包括《赛夏族的物质文化》（1996）、《台大人类学系伊能藏品研究》（1998）、《道卡斯新港社古文书》（1999）、《针线下的缤纷―大武壠平埔衣饰与刺绣藏品图录》（2014）、《赛夏族》（2015）、《文物、造型与台湾原住民艺术―台大人类学博物馆宫川次郎藏品研究》（2015）等专书。
Chia-yu Hu is Professor of Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology at National Taiwan University. She acquired her PhD degree from the UCL, University of London. She has engaged in teaching and researching of material culture, museum and heritage issues for a long time. Her main interests are in studying Taiwan ethnological collections and Taiwan indigenous cultures, as well as applying research results for contemporary cultural revitalization. She is the author of Material Cultural of the Saysiyat: Tradition and Transformation (1996), Studies on Ino’s Collection at the Department of Anthropology of National Taiwan University (1998), A Collection of Archival Documents from Taokas Sinkang Village (1999), Treads of Splende: Taivon Pingpu Clothes and Embroidery Collections (2014), The Saysiyat (2015), Artifacts, Forms and Taiwan Indigenous Art: Miyagawa Jiro’s Collection in the Museum of Anthropology at National Taiwan University (2015), etc.
欧尼基（Niki Alsford）
欧尼基博士为英国中央兰开夏大学语言与国际研究学院、亚洲太平洋研究所副教授，以及韩国国际研究中心主任。他同时也是伦敦大学亚非学院台湾研究中心的研究员。欧尼基自亚非学院取得东亚现代史博士学位，研究焦点着重于十九世纪晚期至二十世纪初期的台湾社会史。他近期的着作包括：Transitions to Modernity in Taiwan: The Spirit of 1895 and the Cession of Formosa to Japan (Routledge, 2017)、〈尘封的瑰宝：伦敦大学亚非学院特藏台湾原住民族档案〉(2017)、发表于Paul Woods所编辑的The Shaping of Christianity in China (2017)一书的Torn Between Two Worlds: Rev. Shoki Coe, Domesticity, and the Taiwanese Self-Determination Movement，以及与Bernhard Fuehrer 共同发表在Translation Studies 1:1 (2017): 137-182期刊中的Carstairs Douglas (1830-1877) and his Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy (1873)。
Dr. Niki Alsford is Reader in Asia Pacific Studies and Director of the International Institute of Korean Studies. He is also Research Associate at the Centre of Taiwan Studies at SOAS, the University in London. He received his PhD in Modern East Asian History from SOAS and his research is grounded on late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century Taiwan social history. His most recent publications include: Transitions to Modernity in Taiwan: The Spirit of 1895 and the Cession of Formosa to Japan (Routledge, 2017); Buried Treasurers: Taiwan Indigenous Peoples’ Archives Held at the School of Oriental & African Studies, the University of London (2017); Torn Between Two Worlds: Rev. Shoki Coe, Domesticity, and the Taiwanese Self-Determination Movement, a chapter in Paul Woods’s The Shaping of Christianity in China (2017); and Carstairs Douglas (1830-1877) and his Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy (1873), which he co-wrote with Bernhard Fuehrer for Translation Studies 1:1 (2017): 137-182.
胡家瑜
台湾大学人类学系教授退休后，现为该系兼任教授。她在英国伦敦大学大学院取得人类学博士学位。多年来从事物质文化、博物馆人类学和文化遗产相关教学研究工作，并且长期参与台湾民族学藏品和原住民物质文化调查研究，以及相关成果的当代应用与活化发展。主要着作包括《赛夏族的物质文化》（1996）、《台大人类学系伊能藏品研究》（1998）、《道卡斯新港社古文书》（1999）、《针线下的缤纷―大武壠平埔衣饰与刺绣藏品图录》（2014）、《赛夏族》（2015）、《文物、造型与台湾原住民艺术―台大人类学博物馆宫川次郎藏品研究》（2015）等专书。
Chia-yu Hu is Professor of Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology at National Taiwan University. She acquired her PhD degree from the UCL, University of London. She has engaged in teaching and researching of material culture, museum and heritage issues for a long time. Her main interests are in studying Taiwan ethnological collections and Taiwan indigenous cultures, as well as applying research results for contemporary cultural revitalization. She is the author of Material Cultural of the Saysiyat: Tradition and Transformation (1996), Studies on Ino’s Collection at the Department of Anthropology of National Taiwan University (1998), A Collection of Archival Documents from Taokas Sinkang Village (1999), Treads of Splende: Taivon Pingpu Clothes and Embroidery Collections (2014), The Saysiyat (2015), Artifacts, Forms and Taiwan Indigenous Art: Miyagawa Jiro’s Collection in the Museum of Anthropology at National Taiwan University (2015), etc.
欧尼基（Niki Alsford）
欧尼基博士为英国中央兰开夏大学语言与国际研究学院、亚洲太平洋研究所副教授，以及韩国国际研究中心主任。他同时也是伦敦大学亚非学院台湾研究中心的研究员。欧尼基自亚非学院取得东亚现代史博士学位，研究焦点着重于十九世纪晚期至二十世纪初期的台湾社会史。他近期的着作包括：Transitions to Modernity in Taiwan: The Spirit of 1895 and the Cession of Formosa to Japan (Routledge, 2017)、〈尘封的瑰宝：伦敦大学亚非学院特藏台湾原住民族档案〉(2017)、发表于Paul Woods所编辑的The Shaping of Christianity in China (2017)一书的Torn Between Two Worlds: Rev. Shoki Coe, Domesticity, and the Taiwanese Self-Determination Movement，以及与Bernhard Fuehrer 共同发表在Translation Studies 1:1 (2017): 137-182期刊中的Carstairs Douglas (1830-1877) and his Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy (1873)。
Dr. Niki Alsford is Reader in Asia Pacific Studies and Director of the International Institute of Korean Studies. He is also Research Associate at the Centre of Taiwan Studies at SOAS, the University in London. He received his PhD in Modern East Asian History from SOAS and his research is grounded on late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century Taiwan social history. His most recent publications include: Transitions to Modernity in Taiwan: The Spirit of 1895 and the Cession of Formosa to Japan (Routledge, 2017); Buried Treasurers: Taiwan Indigenous Peoples’ Archives Held at the School of Oriental & African Studies, the University of London (2017); Torn Between Two Worlds: Rev. Shoki Coe, Domesticity, and the Taiwanese Self-Determination Movement, a chapter in Paul Woods’s The Shaping of Christianity in China (2017); and Carstairs Douglas (1830-1877) and his Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy (1873), which he co-wrote with Bernhard Fuehrer for Translation Studies 1:1 (2017): 137-182.
图书目录
推荐序 / 吴密察 Foreword / by Mi-cha Wu
编者序 / 胡家瑜 Preface / by Chia-yu Hu
图版目次Table of Image Plates
图表目次Table of Figures
凡例 Formats
普世博物馆与跨国流动的文物：大英博物馆藏台湾物质文化遗产 / 胡家瑜 Universal Museum and Artifacts Crossing Borders: Taiwanese Material Heritage Preserved at the British Museum / by Chia-yu Hu
生命记忆的唿唤：博物馆藏品与台湾原住民族连结之重启 / 欧尼基
A “Living”Reminder: Reconnecting Museum Collections to Taiwan’s Indigenous Peoples / by Niki Alsford
藏品图说 / 胡家瑜Interpretation of Artifacts / by Chia-yu Hu
I.衣服与织品 Costumes and Textiles
II.服饰配件与首饰 Ornaments and Accessories
III.竹籐草编器 Basketries and Matting Objects
VI.木器与其他生活用具 Wood and Other Daily Objects
附录Appendix
I.大英博物馆台湾藏品清单 List of the Taiwan Collections at BM
II.参考书目 References
编者序 / 胡家瑜 Preface / by Chia-yu Hu
图版目次Table of Image Plates
图表目次Table of Figures
凡例 Formats
普世博物馆与跨国流动的文物：大英博物馆藏台湾物质文化遗产 / 胡家瑜 Universal Museum and Artifacts Crossing Borders: Taiwanese Material Heritage Preserved at the British Museum / by Chia-yu Hu
生命记忆的唿唤：博物馆藏品与台湾原住民族连结之重启 / 欧尼基
A “Living”Reminder: Reconnecting Museum Collections to Taiwan’s Indigenous Peoples / by Niki Alsford
藏品图说 / 胡家瑜Interpretation of Artifacts / by Chia-yu Hu
I.衣服与织品 Costumes and Textiles
II.服饰配件与首饰 Ornaments and Accessories
III.竹籐草编器 Basketries and Matting Objects
VI.木器与其他生活用具 Wood and Other Daily Objects
附录Appendix
I.大英博物馆台湾藏品清单 List of the Taiwan Collections at BM
II.参考书目 References
图书序言
编序
海外博物馆的物质文化遗产与当代源乡社会
收藏是博物馆保存文物的重要步骤，但也是文物脱离原本社会文化脉络的过程，背后纠缠着复杂的社会关系和多重动力。特别是跨洋越洲进入海外博物馆的收藏，更涉及全球化进程与跨文化採集历史。自十九世纪中期起，不少台湾文物也陆续踏上类似的旅程，随着来台的西方领事官员、传教士、探险家和研究者脚步，逐渐流动到欧美普世性博物馆。散佚在海外博物馆的这些台湾物质文化遗产，多年来默默地尘封在异国库房而很少为大众所知悉。
其中，举世闻名的大英博物馆（British Museum），就因缘际会地收藏了大约370 件早期台湾文物，其中绝大多数是台湾原住民文物。综观而言，大英博物馆的台湾藏品，主要入藏于十九世纪末期至二十世纪初期，是特殊时代脉络下外来者与台湾交会碰撞的结果。虽然文物数量并不算多，物件来源和类型也零星分歧；但这些物件却难得地留存了珍贵的过去物质生活讯息，也唿应了台湾社会与西方接触互动的片段早期历史。即使一百多年之后的今天，这些珍贵的海外物质文化遗产，仍是可以建构跨国和跨文化连结的具体媒介，也是可供当代源乡社会活化应用的重要文化资源。
本书的诞生，历经非常繁复冗长的海外调查研究、资料数位化和编辑出版等过程，耗费时间总计超过十年。在这漫长的期间，每一个阶段都要感谢许多人的参与、支持和协助。首先是国科会支持数位典藏与数位学习国家型科技计画分项下「台湾民族学藏品资料跨国研究与交流计画」研究经费，让我可以在2007年和2008 年，前往大英博物馆进行最基本也最重要的文物调查研究工作。跨国研究过程中，要特别感谢伦敦大学Dr. Michael Rowlands帮忙启动初期联络；以及大英博物馆亚洲部Dr. Jane Portal、Dr. Jan Stuart、Dr. Brian Durrans、Dr. Anouska Komlosy和Ms. Imogen Laing等大力协助，才能完成入库逐件检视研究文物。此外，也非常感谢计画先后任助理们如苏郁晴、刘姿兰、吴昭洁、许湘彩、郭欣谕、张诗雅、徐瑛莲和吴佳铮等协助文物拍摄、资料整理建档与图像处理工作；以及台湾大学数位人文中心项洁教授、蔡炯民博士和陈怡君小姐协助建置数位资料库，让文物数位资料能够在出版前先公开上网。
最后，本书能够完成编辑出版，要感谢专精于台湾历史研究的英国学者欧尼基（Niki Alsford）博士参与担任共同编辑。他从历史人类学者的角度，提供不少关于文物採集的重要背景资料。另外，还要感谢台大出版中心执行编辑游紫玲小姐耐心细致的校正和润饰，以及美术编辑游凤珠小姐精美的编排。
我们在书中精选了165件代表不同类型和族群的文物，进行更详细的文化历史脉络解说和文物图像对照出版。透过本书的出版，希望一方面能够让大家理解跨文化採集背后复杂交错的历史脉络和动力；另一方面，也能够反映他者目光凝视下台湾多元文化的精彩和美丽，以及其中蕴含的文化价值和力量。期盼这些保存在遥远他方的珍贵台湾物质文化遗产，能够与台湾社会重新连结，在当代生活中持续开创新的文化生命力。
胡家瑜（国立台湾大学人类学系兼任教授）
Preface
Material Heritage in Overseas Museums and Contemporary Source Communities
Collecting is an essential step that a museum preserves cultural relics, but it is also a process that cultural relics detach from their original source communities. The process of collecting is often entangled with complex social relations and multiple power agencies. Especially, objects which had been collected across oceans and preserved in the overseas museums usually involved in the process of globalization and cross-cultural collecting. Many Taiwanese objects have also embarked on similar journeys and have been transported to the major museums in Europe and America since the middle of the nineteenth century. Following the footsteps of Western consular officials, missionaries, explorers and researchers who visited Taiwan, these Taiwanese relics, scattered abroad, usually have been concealed quietly in museum vaults over decades without public awareness. Among them, the British Museum (BM) has preserved 370 pieces of Taiwanese artifacts, most of which are indigenous artifacts.
Generally speaking, these Taiwanese artifacts were mainly acquired in the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, under the special encounters between the West and Taiwan. The number of these Taiwanese objects might not be abundant; the sources of them are not clearly recorded. But, many of these objects not only have retained precious messages of the early material life in Taiwan, but also echoed interactive history between the Taiwanese society and the West. Even after more than a hundred years, these artifacts in the overseas museums can still act as the concrete medium for constructing transnational and cross-cultural linkages; they can also be applied as important cultural resources for revitalizing contemporary communities.
The birth of this book has been through very lengthy processes. Different stages of works, such as conducting overseas investigation, organizing and digitizing data of objects, as well as compiling and editing the book, have spent more than 10 years in total. During the long period, I am extremely grateful that many people participated, supported and assisted at each stage. First, the Council of National Science and Technology had funded my research project of “Digitization and International Information Exchange on Taiwanese Ethnological Collections in Overseas Museums” from 2007 to 2008 under the “National Digital Collection and Digital Learning Program”. With the project funding, I could travel to the British Museum and conduct the most essential and important works on examining their Taiwanese artifacts in those two years. In the process of conducting overseas investigation, my thanks are given to Prof. Michael Rowlands at the University College London who helped me to get initial contact with the BM. Besides, without the support and help of Dr. Jane Portal, Dr. Jan Stuart, Dr. Brian Durrans, Dr. Anouska Komlosy, and Ms. Imogen Laing of the Asia Department at the BM, I could not finish studying and researching the Taiwan collections at BM. In addition, I am grateful to all project assistants during these years, such as Yu-ching Su, Tzulan Liu, Chao-chieh Wu, Shiang-cai Shu, Hsin-yu Guo, Shih-ya Chang, Ying-lien Shu and Chia-cheng Wu for their work in taking photos, organizing and keying data, as well as processing images of the objects. I would also like to give special thanks to Professor Jieh Hsiang, Dr. Chiung-ming Tsai and Ms. Yi-chun Chen of the Digital Humanities Center at the National Taiwan University who helped to build an on-line digital database and let the Taiwanese artifacts preserved at the BM available for the public access before publication.
Finally, this book cannot be accomplished without the help of the co-editor, Dr. Niki Alsford, who is an expert of Taiwanese history. From the perspective of a historical anthropologist, he provided important background information on the collecting histories. In addition, I thank the executive editor of the NTU Press, Ms. Tzu-ling Yu, for her patient correction and meticulous polishing, as well as the artistic designer, Ms. Fong-ju Yu, for her exquisite design. We have selected 165 pieces of objects with different types and from different cultural groups presented in this book. For each object, we have made cultural-historical interpretation and displayed object photo for reference. Through the publication of this book, on the one hand, we tend to let people understand the complex contexts and agencies behind cross-cultural collecting. On the other hand, we tend to reflect the local aesthetics as well as the grateful values of cultural diversities in Taiwan. It is hoped that the material heritage of Taiwan preserved in overseas museums can be linked to the Taiwanese society again and continue to create cultural vitality in the contemporary life of the source communities.
推荐序
十九世纪中叶以后，因为清国与西洋国家缔结开港通商条约的关系，陆续有西洋外交官、传教士、商人、旅行家、学者来到台湾。他们基于不同的理由，对于台湾这个岛屿上的居民（特别是民族学上不同于来自中国之移民的台湾原住民）、地理、动物、植物等各方面投注了关心。二十世纪前夕，台湾成为日本帝国的殖民地，此时的日本正在引进西洋的诸种学问，日本的学者因而适时地获得了一个异民族的研究对象与田野地，殖民政府则基于统治异民族殖民地的现实需要，也对台湾进行研究。因此，可以说西洋人、日本人于这时候对台湾进行了可称为近代意义的第一波研究和田野调查。
十九世纪中叶以后大约半个世纪，西洋人、日本人对于台湾所进行的研究与田野调查，其成果虽然不免有所偏见，也常止于浮面印象，但他们对于这个岛屿的调查与研究，较诸管治这个岛屿已经超过二百年的中国官员多数偏向行政、治安事相的文献，却也对台湾之现实社会面貌有更为具体、生动的描写。尤其，他们对于台湾原住民之物质文化的兴趣，更是过去以文字描述为主的清国官员所难以望其项背的。
台湾大学人类学系胡家瑜教授长年致力于台湾原住民物质文化研究，她不但将日本殖民地时代台北帝国大学土俗人种学讲座陆续收集的文物整理编目出版成图录，让外界可以了解台大的文物收藏，还以这些文物为媒介，实质地协助台湾原住民进行文化复振运动。2000年以后，她还系统性地调查了欧美各大博物馆的台湾藏品，并与这些博物馆签订协定建置成网站，让不少原来祕藏于博物馆库房中的台湾文物终于得以面世。此次，她进一步与英国学人欧尼基博士合作将大英博物馆收藏的台湾文物，编辑成图录出版。透过此图录，读者不只可以了解大英博物馆这个世界知名的博物馆中的台湾收藏，也可以透过收录于图录中两位编着者的文章，了解这批台湾文物在大约一百年前入藏博物馆的经纬，读取到台湾文化与世界的邂逅，和台湾历史的另一个侧面，乃为之序。
吴密察（国史馆馆长）
Foreword
In the middle of the nineteenth century, due to the opening trade treaty signed between the Qing China and Western countries, Western diplomats, missionaries, businessmen, travelers and scholars started to come to Taiwan. For multiple reasons, they had an interest in the island̓s inhabitants (in particular the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, who differed from the Chinese immigrants), its geography, animals, plants and so on. On the eve of the twentieth century, Taiwan became a colony of the Japanese Empire. At the same time, Japan was introducing all kinds of Western knowledge; thus, the newly acquired colony-Taiwan became the perfect field for Japanese scholars to do ethnological research and investigation. For the needs of colonial rule, the Japanese government had to study Taiwan. Therefore, it can be said that Westerners and Japanese have carried out the first wave of modern investigation and fieldwork on Taiwan in history.
After about half a century since the nineteenth century, though the results of the research and fieldwork conducted by Westerners and Japanese on Taiwan were still often inevitably biased and ended in generalized impressions, their research and description of the Taiwan island has been more specific and vivid than the majority of Qing officials who had governed the island for more than 200 years. In particular, their interests in the material culture of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples were incomparable with that blurry writings made by the officials of the Qing Dynasty. Prof. Chia-yu Hu at the National Taiwan University has long been devoted to the study of material cultural on Taiwan indigenous peoples. She not only published catalogues of artifacts collected by the Institution of Ethnology of Taihoku Imperial University in the Japanese period to enhance the public’s understanding on the indigenous cultural relics, she has also actively assisted indigenous communities utilizing collected materials to promote cultural revitalization. In addition, since 2001, she started systemic investigations on the Taiwanese collections preserved in the major museums in Europe and America. The results have been accomplished and shown on a website with agreements of the preserved museums, so that the information of Taiwanese artifacts in the overseas museums could be accessed by the Taiwanese people. This time, she further cooperates with the British scholar, Dr. Niki Alsford to publish a catalogue of the Taiwan collections held at the British Museum. Through this book, readers will admirably get an opportunity to appreciate the precious Taiwanese artifacts preserved at the world-famous British Museum. Besides, people will be able to understand the historical encounters between Taiwan and the outside world, which is another side of Taiwanese history, form the editors’ introductions and interpretations on the Taiwanese cultural relics moved into the British Museum about 100 years ago.
海外博物馆的物质文化遗产与当代源乡社会
收藏是博物馆保存文物的重要步骤，但也是文物脱离原本社会文化脉络的过程，背后纠缠着复杂的社会关系和多重动力。特别是跨洋越洲进入海外博物馆的收藏，更涉及全球化进程与跨文化採集历史。自十九世纪中期起，不少台湾文物也陆续踏上类似的旅程，随着来台的西方领事官员、传教士、探险家和研究者脚步，逐渐流动到欧美普世性博物馆。散佚在海外博物馆的这些台湾物质文化遗产，多年来默默地尘封在异国库房而很少为大众所知悉。
其中，举世闻名的大英博物馆（British Museum），就因缘际会地收藏了大约370 件早期台湾文物，其中绝大多数是台湾原住民文物。综观而言，大英博物馆的台湾藏品，主要入藏于十九世纪末期至二十世纪初期，是特殊时代脉络下外来者与台湾交会碰撞的结果。虽然文物数量并不算多，物件来源和类型也零星分歧；但这些物件却难得地留存了珍贵的过去物质生活讯息，也唿应了台湾社会与西方接触互动的片段早期历史。即使一百多年之后的今天，这些珍贵的海外物质文化遗产，仍是可以建构跨国和跨文化连结的具体媒介，也是可供当代源乡社会活化应用的重要文化资源。
本书的诞生，历经非常繁复冗长的海外调查研究、资料数位化和编辑出版等过程，耗费时间总计超过十年。在这漫长的期间，每一个阶段都要感谢许多人的参与、支持和协助。首先是国科会支持数位典藏与数位学习国家型科技计画分项下「台湾民族学藏品资料跨国研究与交流计画」研究经费，让我可以在2007年和2008 年，前往大英博物馆进行最基本也最重要的文物调查研究工作。跨国研究过程中，要特别感谢伦敦大学Dr. Michael Rowlands帮忙启动初期联络；以及大英博物馆亚洲部Dr. Jane Portal、Dr. Jan Stuart、Dr. Brian Durrans、Dr. Anouska Komlosy和Ms. Imogen Laing等大力协助，才能完成入库逐件检视研究文物。此外，也非常感谢计画先后任助理们如苏郁晴、刘姿兰、吴昭洁、许湘彩、郭欣谕、张诗雅、徐瑛莲和吴佳铮等协助文物拍摄、资料整理建档与图像处理工作；以及台湾大学数位人文中心项洁教授、蔡炯民博士和陈怡君小姐协助建置数位资料库，让文物数位资料能够在出版前先公开上网。
最后，本书能够完成编辑出版，要感谢专精于台湾历史研究的英国学者欧尼基（Niki Alsford）博士参与担任共同编辑。他从历史人类学者的角度，提供不少关于文物採集的重要背景资料。另外，还要感谢台大出版中心执行编辑游紫玲小姐耐心细致的校正和润饰，以及美术编辑游凤珠小姐精美的编排。
我们在书中精选了165件代表不同类型和族群的文物，进行更详细的文化历史脉络解说和文物图像对照出版。透过本书的出版，希望一方面能够让大家理解跨文化採集背后复杂交错的历史脉络和动力；另一方面，也能够反映他者目光凝视下台湾多元文化的精彩和美丽，以及其中蕴含的文化价值和力量。期盼这些保存在遥远他方的珍贵台湾物质文化遗产，能够与台湾社会重新连结，在当代生活中持续开创新的文化生命力。
胡家瑜（国立台湾大学人类学系兼任教授）
Preface
Material Heritage in Overseas Museums and Contemporary Source Communities
Collecting is an essential step that a museum preserves cultural relics, but it is also a process that cultural relics detach from their original source communities. The process of collecting is often entangled with complex social relations and multiple power agencies. Especially, objects which had been collected across oceans and preserved in the overseas museums usually involved in the process of globalization and cross-cultural collecting. Many Taiwanese objects have also embarked on similar journeys and have been transported to the major museums in Europe and America since the middle of the nineteenth century. Following the footsteps of Western consular officials, missionaries, explorers and researchers who visited Taiwan, these Taiwanese relics, scattered abroad, usually have been concealed quietly in museum vaults over decades without public awareness. Among them, the British Museum (BM) has preserved 370 pieces of Taiwanese artifacts, most of which are indigenous artifacts.
Generally speaking, these Taiwanese artifacts were mainly acquired in the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, under the special encounters between the West and Taiwan. The number of these Taiwanese objects might not be abundant; the sources of them are not clearly recorded. But, many of these objects not only have retained precious messages of the early material life in Taiwan, but also echoed interactive history between the Taiwanese society and the West. Even after more than a hundred years, these artifacts in the overseas museums can still act as the concrete medium for constructing transnational and cross-cultural linkages; they can also be applied as important cultural resources for revitalizing contemporary communities.
The birth of this book has been through very lengthy processes. Different stages of works, such as conducting overseas investigation, organizing and digitizing data of objects, as well as compiling and editing the book, have spent more than 10 years in total. During the long period, I am extremely grateful that many people participated, supported and assisted at each stage. First, the Council of National Science and Technology had funded my research project of “Digitization and International Information Exchange on Taiwanese Ethnological Collections in Overseas Museums” from 2007 to 2008 under the “National Digital Collection and Digital Learning Program”. With the project funding, I could travel to the British Museum and conduct the most essential and important works on examining their Taiwanese artifacts in those two years. In the process of conducting overseas investigation, my thanks are given to Prof. Michael Rowlands at the University College London who helped me to get initial contact with the BM. Besides, without the support and help of Dr. Jane Portal, Dr. Jan Stuart, Dr. Brian Durrans, Dr. Anouska Komlosy, and Ms. Imogen Laing of the Asia Department at the BM, I could not finish studying and researching the Taiwan collections at BM. In addition, I am grateful to all project assistants during these years, such as Yu-ching Su, Tzulan Liu, Chao-chieh Wu, Shiang-cai Shu, Hsin-yu Guo, Shih-ya Chang, Ying-lien Shu and Chia-cheng Wu for their work in taking photos, organizing and keying data, as well as processing images of the objects. I would also like to give special thanks to Professor Jieh Hsiang, Dr. Chiung-ming Tsai and Ms. Yi-chun Chen of the Digital Humanities Center at the National Taiwan University who helped to build an on-line digital database and let the Taiwanese artifacts preserved at the BM available for the public access before publication.
Finally, this book cannot be accomplished without the help of the co-editor, Dr. Niki Alsford, who is an expert of Taiwanese history. From the perspective of a historical anthropologist, he provided important background information on the collecting histories. In addition, I thank the executive editor of the NTU Press, Ms. Tzu-ling Yu, for her patient correction and meticulous polishing, as well as the artistic designer, Ms. Fong-ju Yu, for her exquisite design. We have selected 165 pieces of objects with different types and from different cultural groups presented in this book. For each object, we have made cultural-historical interpretation and displayed object photo for reference. Through the publication of this book, on the one hand, we tend to let people understand the complex contexts and agencies behind cross-cultural collecting. On the other hand, we tend to reflect the local aesthetics as well as the grateful values of cultural diversities in Taiwan. It is hoped that the material heritage of Taiwan preserved in overseas museums can be linked to the Taiwanese society again and continue to create cultural vitality in the contemporary life of the source communities.
By Chia-yu Hu
推荐序
十九世纪中叶以后，因为清国与西洋国家缔结开港通商条约的关系，陆续有西洋外交官、传教士、商人、旅行家、学者来到台湾。他们基于不同的理由，对于台湾这个岛屿上的居民（特别是民族学上不同于来自中国之移民的台湾原住民）、地理、动物、植物等各方面投注了关心。二十世纪前夕，台湾成为日本帝国的殖民地，此时的日本正在引进西洋的诸种学问，日本的学者因而适时地获得了一个异民族的研究对象与田野地，殖民政府则基于统治异民族殖民地的现实需要，也对台湾进行研究。因此，可以说西洋人、日本人于这时候对台湾进行了可称为近代意义的第一波研究和田野调查。
十九世纪中叶以后大约半个世纪，西洋人、日本人对于台湾所进行的研究与田野调查，其成果虽然不免有所偏见，也常止于浮面印象，但他们对于这个岛屿的调查与研究，较诸管治这个岛屿已经超过二百年的中国官员多数偏向行政、治安事相的文献，却也对台湾之现实社会面貌有更为具体、生动的描写。尤其，他们对于台湾原住民之物质文化的兴趣，更是过去以文字描述为主的清国官员所难以望其项背的。
台湾大学人类学系胡家瑜教授长年致力于台湾原住民物质文化研究，她不但将日本殖民地时代台北帝国大学土俗人种学讲座陆续收集的文物整理编目出版成图录，让外界可以了解台大的文物收藏，还以这些文物为媒介，实质地协助台湾原住民进行文化复振运动。2000年以后，她还系统性地调查了欧美各大博物馆的台湾藏品，并与这些博物馆签订协定建置成网站，让不少原来祕藏于博物馆库房中的台湾文物终于得以面世。此次，她进一步与英国学人欧尼基博士合作将大英博物馆收藏的台湾文物，编辑成图录出版。透过此图录，读者不只可以了解大英博物馆这个世界知名的博物馆中的台湾收藏，也可以透过收录于图录中两位编着者的文章，了解这批台湾文物在大约一百年前入藏博物馆的经纬，读取到台湾文化与世界的邂逅，和台湾历史的另一个侧面，乃为之序。
吴密察（国史馆馆长）
Foreword
In the middle of the nineteenth century, due to the opening trade treaty signed between the Qing China and Western countries, Western diplomats, missionaries, businessmen, travelers and scholars started to come to Taiwan. For multiple reasons, they had an interest in the island̓s inhabitants (in particular the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, who differed from the Chinese immigrants), its geography, animals, plants and so on. On the eve of the twentieth century, Taiwan became a colony of the Japanese Empire. At the same time, Japan was introducing all kinds of Western knowledge; thus, the newly acquired colony-Taiwan became the perfect field for Japanese scholars to do ethnological research and investigation. For the needs of colonial rule, the Japanese government had to study Taiwan. Therefore, it can be said that Westerners and Japanese have carried out the first wave of modern investigation and fieldwork on Taiwan in history.
After about half a century since the nineteenth century, though the results of the research and fieldwork conducted by Westerners and Japanese on Taiwan were still often inevitably biased and ended in generalized impressions, their research and description of the Taiwan island has been more specific and vivid than the majority of Qing officials who had governed the island for more than 200 years. In particular, their interests in the material culture of Taiwan Indigenous Peoples were incomparable with that blurry writings made by the officials of the Qing Dynasty. Prof. Chia-yu Hu at the National Taiwan University has long been devoted to the study of material cultural on Taiwan indigenous peoples. She not only published catalogues of artifacts collected by the Institution of Ethnology of Taihoku Imperial University in the Japanese period to enhance the public’s understanding on the indigenous cultural relics, she has also actively assisted indigenous communities utilizing collected materials to promote cultural revitalization. In addition, since 2001, she started systemic investigations on the Taiwanese collections preserved in the major museums in Europe and America. The results have been accomplished and shown on a website with agreements of the preserved museums, so that the information of Taiwanese artifacts in the overseas museums could be accessed by the Taiwanese people. This time, she further cooperates with the British scholar, Dr. Niki Alsford to publish a catalogue of the Taiwan collections held at the British Museum. Through this book, readers will admirably get an opportunity to appreciate the precious Taiwanese artifacts preserved at the world-famous British Museum. Besides, people will be able to understand the historical encounters between Taiwan and the outside world, which is another side of Taiwanese history, form the editors’ introductions and interpretations on the Taiwanese cultural relics moved into the British Museum about 100 years ago.
By Mi-cha Wu
图书试读
用户评价
相关图书
本站所有内容均为互联网搜索引擎提供的公开搜索信息，本站不存储任何数据与内容，任何内容与数据均与本站无关，如有需要请联系相关搜索引擎包括但不限于百度，google,bing,sogou 等
© 2025 ttbooks.qciss.net All Rights Reserved. 小特书站 版权所有