Editorial Preface When different cultures made contact, language was naturally the primary medium used in the exchange, therefore dictionaries or grammar books compiled by persons fluent in both languages would serve as valuable materials to comprehend the history of interaction with a foreign culture. Ever since the Spaniards arrived in Manila in 1571 and got in touch with the Chinese, people from both parties have been mutually learning the each other’s language and edit dictionaries and grammar books. The two parties carried different motives: the Minnan merchants, whom the Spaniards called Sangleyes, were eager to conduct business with the barbaric Foranji; on the other hand, the Spanish wished to learn more about China and evangelize the Chinese. Such documents were rich cultural assets for their historical and linguistic value.
Through acquiring image rights and making transcriptions, this Hokkien Spanish Historical Document Series project seeks to publish precious extant Hokkien-Spanish dictionaries and grammar books in the world. These documents included the Dictionario Hispánico-Sinicum held in University of Santo Tomas of the Philippines; the Arte de la Lengua Chio Chiu held in University of Barcelona; the Foranji Huaren Huabu and letters among the Philippine Chinese Manuscripts collected at the Herzog August Library in Germany, the Dictionarium Sino Hispanicum held in Angelica Library in Rome, Italy; and the Bocabulario de lengua sangleya por las letras de el A.B.C. held in the British Library. By publishing these manuscripts, we hope to aid the academic effort of reconstructing the history of Hokkien-Spanish bilateral interaction (and, in some cases, including the Filipinos as the third party) where the exchange of language and culture occurred.
Before this project, as scholars we did not share the same field of research, but with support from the Chiang Ching-Kuo Foundation, we eventually stepped into this treasury together. We got to meet diligent precursors and companions, and thanks to their generous advices our visions were broadened.
Therefore, regarding the publication of this document series, we must first thank the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation and the Tsao Yung-ho Foundation of Culture and Education for being our major and secondary sponsors, respectively. We are grateful that Dr. Shu-min Huang, Dr. Yi-Long Huang and Dr. Hsueh-chi Hsu were willing to write forewords of recommendation for the series. We must also express our gratitude to the following persons for the guidance and help they offered: Dr. Kuo-hsing Hsieh, Dr. Ying-Chun Tsai, Ms. Tsui-yin Sung, Dr. Kuo-tung Chen, Dr. Kai Zhang, Dr. Xiping Zhang, Dr. Guo-Ping Jin, Dr. Kai-Jian Tang, Dr. Keiichi Uchida, Dr. Chinfa Lien, Dr. Yueh-chin Chang, Dr. Henning Klöter. Dr. Luisa Shu-Ying Chang, Dr. Peter Kang, Dr. Hui-Ling Yang, Dr. Manel Ollé, Dr. Honghôan Sia, Dr. Li-Mei Liu, Dr. Ying Cheng; friends including Dr. Neus Verger Arce, Dr. Marina Ruiz Fragas, Dr. Esther González Pérez, Dr. Wei Jiang, Dr. Ubaldo Iaccarino, Dr. Montserrat Po-Jung Chen, Dr. Chiao-In Chen, Dr. Miguel A. del Rio, Dr. Kuo-Sheng Wu, and Dr. Hung-Yi Chien. They have contributed to this project in various ways, and without them the readers might have to wait for five to ten more years, or even miss the opportunity to witness these valuable documents. As a result, if this series indeed benefited the advance of studies related to Sinology or the history of Hokkien-Spanish exchange of language and culture, we ask the readers to honor these names.
Finally, we are especially grateful to National Tsing-Hua University and the Institute of History, Academia Sinica for providing us excellent research environments and financial support, so that we could publish these precious documents.
Fabio Yuchung Lee, Tsung-jen Chen, Regalado T. José, José Caño Ortigosa
编者序 异文化的接触,主要的媒介便是语言,因此由通晓双方语言人士所编辑的词典或文法书,便成为理解异文化过往交流历史的重要史料。1571年自称为「Castilla」(干系蜡)的西班牙人抵达马尼拉后,与自称为「唐人」的华人展开接触,这些被西班牙人称之为「Sangley」的闽南商人,为了能与被他们称之为佛郎机的「化人」做生意,西班牙人则为了能了解中国以及向华人传教,因此双方开始学习与编写对方语言的词典或文法书,而后被保留下来,成为今日丰硕的历史、语言文化资产。
此Hokkien Spanish Historical Document Series出版计画,便是希望将现今世界上珍贵的闽南─西班牙语词典文法手稿,用取得影像授权或是传抄的方式,将它们出版。这些文献分别为菲律宾圣多玛斯大学《西班牙─华语辞典》 (Dictionario Hispánico-Sinicum),巴塞隆纳大学的《漳州话语法》(Arte de la Lengua Chio Chiu),德国沃尔芬比特尔(Wolfenbüttel)的奥斯特公爵图书馆(Herzog August Bibliothek)所藏《奥古斯特公爵图书馆菲律宾唐人手稿》(Philippine Chinese Manuscripts collected at the Herzog August Library)中〈佛郎机化人话簿〉(含草稿)及书信,义大利罗马安吉利卡图书馆(Bibioteca Angelica)所藏《汉文西班牙语辞典》(Dictionarium Sino Hispanicum),以及大英图书馆所藏《生理人话辞汇按ABC字母编排》(Bocabulario de lengua sangleya por las letras de el A. B. C.)等等。希望这些手稿的出版,将有助于学术界重新建构三个多世纪以来,闽南人与西班牙人双方面,甚至于与菲律宾人三方,在语言及文化上属于常民的交流历史。
说来惭愧,我们的研究领域,原本都不在历史语言此一范畴内,但在蒋经国基金会的支持下,让我们意外地踏入此一宝库,同时也因而认识许多在此一领域已耕耘许久的前辈与学友。感谢他们不吝的赐正,让我们能够打开原本狭隘的研究视野。
因此,这套文献的出版,首先要感谢蒋经国基金会提供主要的出版经费,以及曹永和基金会赞助部分费用。其次,还要感谢下列人士。除了为这套文献丛书写推荐序的黄树民、黄一农及许雪姬老师外,还有谢国兴、蔡英俊、连金发、宋翠英、陈国栋、张锴、张西平、金国平、汤开建、内田庆市、张月琴、韩可龙、张淑英、康培德、杨慧玲、欧洋安、谢丰帆、刘莉美、郑萦等教授,以及Neus Verger Arce、Marina Ruiz Fragas、Esther González Pérez、蒋薇、Ubaldo Iaccarino、陈柏蓉、陈巧颖、Miguel A. del Rio、吴国圣、简宏逸等学友。他们给予我们的指导与帮助,虽然不尽相同,但没有他们,读者们肯定是见不到,或是得再延后五到十年才能见到这些珍贵的文献。因此,如果这套书有助于汉学或闽南与西班牙语言及文化交流史研究的话,请读者千万要记得他们的名字。
最后,要特别感谢清华大学及中央研究院台湾史研究所,给予我们良好的研究环境与经费,才能取得这些珍贵文献的授权与出版。
李毓中、陈宗仁、Regalado T. José、José L. Caño Ortigosa