作者简介    

汤玛斯． 罗瑞茨基

　　是当代波兰诗人及翻译家，1970年生于波兰西南部西里西亚的奥波莱省， 该地区揉合多元文化， 独树一帜。他于克拉科夫亚捷隆大学研究罗马语言， 同时翻译法国诗歌， 曾翻译斯特凡． 马拉美的《孤注一掷绝不会破坏偶然》， 并于 2005 年出版。罗瑞茨基着有诗集《祖国》( 1997)、《灵魂》( 1999)、《郊外小舍》( 2001)、《世界与反世界》( 2003) 及长篇敍事诗《十二车站》( 2004)， 作品佳评如潮。《十二车站》勇夺「高捷斯基奖」， 令罗瑞茨基厕身波兰最重要诗人之列；「高捷斯基奖」为表扬 40 岁以下的波兰作家的最高文学荣誉， 着名波兰作家斯瓦沃米尔． 莫罗热克、齐别根纽． 赫伯特及亚当． 扎加耶夫斯基亦曾得奖。《十二车站》是一首长篇的悲喜诗剧， 故事採用家族第三代代表的视角， 讲述第二次世界大战后， 这位第三代代表聚合了半世纪以前被驱逐出波兰东部的家族成员， 众人重回故土，举行家庭聚会， 并寻找于 1945 年埋于土下的教会大钟。「高捷斯基奖」的评审团深受感动， 认为《十二车站》反映「省域与家族传统间的有趣距离， 同时热情地歌颂省域和家族传统」， 足以媲美波兰民族史诗《塔杜斯先生》。在2004 年，罗瑞茨基首三本着作辑录成《诗集》问世， 最新着作有《殖民地》( 2007)、《旋转之书》( 2010) 及《动物寓言集》( 2012)。《殖民地》收录 77 篇诗作， 包括〈海港的酒馆〉、〈火土〉及〈肉桂与丁香〉， 诗题大都富有异国情调， 跟诗中描写波兰乡郊的日常生活及忧郁思绪， 构成了强烈的对比。罗瑞茨基的作品获翻译成多种欧洲语言，先后于德国、法国、意大利、英国及斯洛伐克出版，最近更由西风出版社于美国出版作品选集《遗忘的钥匙》及《殖民地》英译版（ 美娜． 罗森泰译）。罗瑞茨基得奖无数， 荣获「克日什托夫． 卡密尔． 巴申斯基奖」及《文学笔记本》颁赠的「约瑟夫． 布罗茨基奖」， 并曾两度获提名波兰权威文学大奖「尼刻奖」。罗瑞茨基亦不时参与国际诗歌节， 包括「2000年欧洲文学荟萃」及「克拉克夫与休士顿夏日诗歌研讨会」( 2004)。罗瑞茨基与家人现居于家乡奥波莱巿。

　　（苏良信译）
 
　　Tomasz Różycki, a contemporary Polish poet and translator, was born in 1970 in Opole (Silesia, the southwestern part of Poland, a region that bears the mark of a distinct mixture of cultures). Różycki studied Romance languages at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. Alongside his work he translated poetry from French, publishing a translation of Stéphane Mallarmé’s Un coup de dés jamais n’abolira le hasard in 2005. He is the author of five collections of poems to great acclaim: Vaterland (1997), Anima (1999), Chata umaita (2001), Świat i antyświat (2003), and the long epic poem Dwanaście stacji (2004), for which he was awarded the Kościelski Prize, the most prestigious literary prize for Polish writers under forty. He thus joined the ranks of Poland’s most important writers, among them Sławomir Mrożek, Zbigniew Herbert, and Adam Zagajewski. The long, tragic-comic poem tells the story of a family gathering from the perspective of a third generation representative, post World War II. He gathers together all the members of his family who were expelled from Poland’s eastern regions half a century ago with the aim of revisiting their place of origin and of seeking out the church bells buried in 1945. The poem, compared by critics to the national epic Pan Tadeusz, moved the jury with its “humorous distance, but also warmly depicted praise, of the province and of family tradition.” In the same year, a collection of Różycki’s first three volumes appeared under the title Wiersze (Poems, 2004). His latest work, Kolonie (2007), brings together seventy-seven poems whose exotic titles such as Tawerna w porcie (Tavern at the Harbour), Ziemia Ognista (Fire Earth), and Cynamon i goździki (Cinnamon and Cloves) present a striking contrast to the depictions of everyday Polish country life and the melancholic thoughts they contain. His work has been translated into numerous European languages, and The Forgotten Keys: Selected Poetry of Tomasz Różycki and Colonies (translated by Mira Rosenthal) have just been published by Zephyr Press in USA. His latest books are Księga obrotów in 2010 and Bestiarium in 2012. His poems have been translated and published in Germany, France, Italy, Great Britain, and Slovakia. He has received the Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński Prize, the Joseph Brodski Prize from Zeszyty Literackie, and has been nominated twice for the Nike Prize, Poland’s most important literary award. He has participated in the Literaturexpress Europa 2000, the Krakow-Houston Summer Poetry Seminar (2004), and other international poetry festivals. He lives in his native city Opole with his wife and two children.
 

火山

坐看几架飞机对摩天大楼的战争
坐看殉道者对地铁车厢
对体育馆和孩子们发起的圣战
我躺着观看洪水，

分四十集现场直播
想用遥控器改善世界，
想绕开杀手和鲨鱼，
了解观众关于死刑的问卷结果。

半睡半醒中看收买神明的热播。
看到所有那些图画上的小人
如何摔倒，想起来又再摔倒，
只能反复地关闭声音和画面

关闭唿吸的时候却不能关闭心灵
我摔倒，我摔倒。

(赵刚译)


The Volcano

Sitting and watching planes wage war against
the towers, martyrs wage their holy war
against commuter trains and gyms, against
children. Then lying down to watch the flood

in live installments, using the remote
to put the world in order, browsing. trying
to dodge the murderer, the shark, learning
results from viewer surveys on the death

penalty. Napping, taking in the great
pawning of god. And seeing everyone
so tiny and cartoonish. how they fall,
get up, and fall again. Then turning off

the sound and picture, turning off my breath,
my heart would not turn off, I fell, I fell.

(Translated by Mira Rosentbal)