具体描述
Southern Hokkien: An Introduction is a research-based textbook originally designed for non-heritage learners who acquired a reasonably good proficiency level of Mandarin and wish to learn the Southern Hokkien language outside its natural linguistic environment.
It uses a situation-based approach in which dialogues are designed to reflect scenes in real life rather than classroom situation. Grammar and vocabulary explanations follow a primarily contrastive approach, focussing on similarities and differences between Mandarin and Southern Hokkien. Though mainly based on dialect variants spoken in Taiwan, Southern Hokkien also includes references to dialect variants spoken in other Hokkien speaking areas.
The textbook is complemented by a number of excursions and explanatory comments which help not only to follow required linguistic rules and cultural conventions but also to gain a basic understanding of the reasons behind some of these rules and conventions.
It uses a situation-based approach in which dialogues are designed to reflect scenes in real life rather than classroom situation. Grammar and vocabulary explanations follow a primarily contrastive approach, focussing on similarities and differences between Mandarin and Southern Hokkien. Though mainly based on dialect variants spoken in Taiwan, Southern Hokkien also includes references to dialect variants spoken in other Hokkien speaking areas.
The textbook is complemented by a number of excursions and explanatory comments which help not only to follow required linguistic rules and cultural conventions but also to gain a basic understanding of the reasons behind some of these rules and conventions.
闽南语探源：一部深度剖析中古汉语与现代台语的语言学巨著 导言 语言是文化的活化石，而闽南语（Hokkien），作为汉藏语系汉语族中历史悠久、影响力深远的方言群，其研究价值无可估量。本书并非聚焦于单一的教材或入门指南，而是一部严谨、详尽的语言学探究，旨在揭示闽南语在语音、词汇、语法结构上所承载的深厚历史信息，以及其与中古汉语、上古汉语之间千丝万缕的联系。全书共分三卷，辅以三张配套光盘，构筑了一个立体、多维度的闽南语语言生态考察体系。 第一卷：历史音韵的重建与回溯 本卷是全书的理论基石，集中探讨闽南语的音韵系统，特别是其如何保存了大量中古汉语的特征。 一、中古音的残存与演变轨迹： 本书首先摒弃了将闽南语简单视为“南方方言”的传统观点，转而采用历史比较语言学的方法，深入比对《切韵》、《广韵》等中古音韵典籍与现代泉州、厦门、漳州等地的实际发音。 入声的命运与归属： 详细分析了闽南语中入声字（-p, -t, -k 韵尾）的今音归属。不同于官话的完全消失，闽南语的入声韵尾得到了极好的保留，但在不同地理区域的实现方式（如喉塞音化、送气化）展现了微妙的差异。我们通过对古代韵书中特定声母和韵部的考察，描摹出中古入声字在闽南语中的具体音值迁移路径。 复辅音与声母的“活化石”： 重点考察了中古汉语的复辅音（如 pˠr-, kˠl-）在闽南语中的遗存。许多被现代汉语普通话吞并的复辅音，在闽南语的某些分支中依然清晰可辨，这为重建中古汉语的实际发音提供了关键证据。我们运用音位分析法，标示出这些古老音素的语音形态和分布规律。 复杂声调系统的生成： 闽南语拥有多达七至九个调类（取决于方言点），其复杂性远超官话的四声。本书系统梳理了中古汉语的平、上、去、入四声如何通过清浊对立（声母的清浊划分）和韵尾的演变，衍生出今日的调值系统。我们利用声学分析数据，精确描绘了这些调值在高频词汇中的实际共振曲线。 二、韵部的细微差别与跨方言比较： 本卷也对闽南语不同区域（如台湾、福建、东南亚华人社区）的韵部进行了精细的划分和对比。例如，在某些古老母音“撮口呼”（如中古的 y, yu）的处理上，不同地区的差异巨大，这反映了数百年间各次移民潮带来的语言接触和分化。 --- 第二卷：词汇的深度挖掘与语义变迁 第二卷将焦点从纯粹的语音结构转向词汇的层面，探究闽南语词汇库中蕴含的历史文化信息。 一、古代词汇的继承与特有表达： 闽南语的词汇系统是研究古代汉语社会生活的重要窗口。 高频生活词汇的“原貌”： 大量日常用语，如称谓、动词、基础名词，其发音和词义与古籍记载高度吻合。本书汇编了数百个“活化石词汇”，并配以古代文献的出处佐证，展示了这些词汇如何绕过北方官话的演变路径，得以在闽南地区保持相对的稳定。 文白异读现象的系统研究： 闽南语中普遍存在“文读音”和“白读音”的现象。本卷对这些异读进行了分类，分析了它们分别对应于哪个历史阶段的汉语（如白读多对应较早期的口语交流，文读则多对应科举或书面语的传播）。我们详细列举了不同词类（名词、动词、形容词）下的文白差异，并探讨了其在现代社会语境中的功能分化。 二、词缀与构词法的古老模式： 本书对闽南语特有的构词方式进行了深入剖析，特别是那些不常见于现代标准汉语的词缀和叠词结构。 表方位与状态的前置/后置词： 详细分析了闽南语中用于表示状态、趋向、情态的助词和前缀，并追溯其在上古汉语或早期白话文中的对应形态。例如，某些表示动作的重复或强调的叠词结构，其模式可以追溯到先秦文献的句法结构。 外来语的吸收与改造： 考虑到闽南语的地理位置和历史上的海上贸易活动，本卷也纳入了对早期马来语、南洋土语借词的分析，重点关注这些借词如何在语音上被“闽南化”，并融入了本土的语法框架中。 --- 第三卷：句法结构与语用学的历史定位 第三卷将研究范围拓展至句子层面，考察闽南语独特的语序、量词系统以及其在不同语境中的实际运用。 一、独特的语序模式与焦点表达： 闽南语的句法结构在某些方面表现出与主流汉语不同的特征，尤其是在话题和焦点句的构建上。 被动语态与处置式： 深入分析了闽南语中构建被动句和“处置式”（将宾语置于动词之前进行描述的句型）的独特标记。这些标记（如 hō͘ 或其变体）的使用习惯和句法位置，与中古汉语的一些早期标记有显著的对应性。 疑问句与语气词的复杂系统： 闽南语中的疑问语气词分布极广，且常常出现在句末的不同位置，对句子的语气和语义强度产生微妙的影响。我们根据不同的疑问类型（是非问、特指问、选择问），系统梳理了语气词的句法句尾规则。 二、量词与数词的古老形态： 量词系统是方言史研究的宝库。本书详细对比了闽南语中与普通话不同的量词使用习惯，特别是对一些具有“分类学意义”的古老量词的考察。例如，某些特定物品（如船只、牲畜、书籍）的量词，其使用频率和形式在闽南语中保留了更原始的面貌。 三、语用与社会语言学侧记： 本卷的最后一部分，探讨了闽南语在当代社会中的功能定位，以及其在不同代际间的传承状况。通过对不同年龄层受访者的语料采集，分析了现代媒体和教育对闽南语的“去古化”或“规范化”影响，为理解这种语言的未来发展提供了社会语言学的视角。 配套光盘（3CD）内容说明： 光盘内容是本书理论分析的实证基础，包含： 1. 历史音档对比库： 收集了来自不同闽南语核心方言点（泉州、厦门、漳州、台湾部分地区）的数百个“韵书标记词汇”的真人录音。这些录音经过精确的波形分析，便于读者对照文本中的音标系统进行听觉学习和比对。 2. 语料库实例集： 包含大量自然口语对话、民间歌谣和传统戏剧选段的录音及文本，用于佐证第三卷中句法和语用学的分析。 3. 语音频谱图集： 提供关键语音现象（如入声韵尾、声调曲线、特定声母的共振峰）的高清频谱分析图，供专业研究者进行更深入的声学验证。 总结 本书旨在提供一个全面、深入、具备高度学术严谨性的闽南语语言学框架，它不仅仅是记录，更是一次对中古汉语语言形态的考古发掘。对于历史语言学、汉语方言学以及对中华文化传承感兴趣的读者而言，这是一部不可或缺的参考书。
著者信息
作者简介
Bernhard Fuehrer (Fu Xiong / Po3 Him5 傅熊) trained at National Taiwan University (BA) and in Vienna (PhD), and began learning Hokkien in the 1980s in Taipei. He is Professor of Sinology at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London.
Yang Hsiu-fang / Iun5 Siu3-hong1 杨秀芳 trained at National Taiwan University (PhD) where she is Professor at the Chinese Department and the Graduate Institute of Taiwan Literature. She has published extensively on Hokkien linguistics.
Bernhard Fuehrer (Fu Xiong / Po3 Him5 傅熊) trained at National Taiwan University (BA) and in Vienna (PhD), and began learning Hokkien in the 1980s in Taipei. He is Professor of Sinology at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London.
Yang Hsiu-fang / Iun5 Siu3-hong1 杨秀芳 trained at National Taiwan University (PhD) where she is Professor at the Chinese Department and the Graduate Institute of Taiwan Literature. She has published extensively on Hokkien linguistics.
图书目录
图书序言
Preface
This textbook is divided into three volumes and consists of a total of twelve lessons. The first volume contains lessons one to six, lessons seven to twelve are in the second volume. In the third volume we provide additional material including transcripts of the dialogue sessions and song lyrics in mixed script. These transcripts are for reference purpose only and may be found useful by native speaker teachers. The learner is advised to use the romanized version of our dialogues in which we provide clear indication regarding the application of tone sandhi rules. The appended index refers to vocabulary explanations in the numbered sections of the textbook (01.01 to 12.07).
With the exception of lessons one, two and twelve, which have a different structure, all lessons include the following sections:
1. At least one dialogue scene: the dialogues reflect linguistic realities in that individual speakers exhibit dialectal idiosyncracies.
2. Notes on Vocabulary: words and expressions used in the dialogue(s) are printed in larger print. Example sentences and lexical explorations are in smaller print. In this section we indicate dialect variants where deemed appropriate.
3. Additional Vocabulary as used in the example sentences and elsewhere in the lesson.
4. Sentence Patterns in which the learner is required to identify suitable combinations of given options. In this part we only indicate isolation tones and expect the learner to apply tone sandhi rules.
5. Cloze Practice sections where a suitable option needs to be selected to fill in the blanks left in the sentences. In this part we also indicate isolation tones only and expect the learner to apply tone sandhi rules.
6. Listening and Reading Comprehension exercises that also serve as additional Southern Hokkien-English translation practice. In this part we also expect the learner to apply tone sandhi rules.
7. English-Southern Hokkien Translation exercises aim at expressing in Southern Hokkien the main idea behind a given sentence rather than providing literal translations.
8. Pearls of Wisdom: a selection of set phrases and popular sayings which are highly context-sensitive. Our translations are best perceived as approximations to be explored in class with the teacher.
A number of lessons include additional short outlines of relevant topics, revisions and material that may be found useful.
This textbook aims to serve a dual purpose:
1. Where used as an introduction to elementary spoken Southern Hokkien, the learner should focus on the vocabulary featured in the dialogue sections and applied in the Sentence Patterns, Listening and Reading Comprehension and Cloze Exercise sections. Most of this elementary vocabulary is marked in a slightly larger font in the Notes on Vocabulary. This primary lexicon will enable the learner to engage and function adequately in simple standard situations.
2. In addition to the elementary vocabulary the more ambitious learner will want to study the additional lexical explorations provided in the Notes on Vocabulary and printed in a slightly smaller font. Further to sentences that show the application of given vocabulary and related Southern Hokkien vocabulary, a considerable portion of our lexical explorations will be well known from Mandarin. The material provided in the Notes on Vocabulary aims at enabling the learner to develop a more comprehensive lexicon and accelerate the learning process by switching pronunciations from Mandarin to Southern Hokkien. By listing words and sayings more likely to be used by an elderly generation and hardly applied by some young native speakers, the additional material as well as the vocabulary sections occasionally expand into historical layers of Taiwanese Southern Hokkien.
This textbook is divided into three volumes and consists of a total of twelve lessons. The first volume contains lessons one to six, lessons seven to twelve are in the second volume. In the third volume we provide additional material including transcripts of the dialogue sessions and song lyrics in mixed script. These transcripts are for reference purpose only and may be found useful by native speaker teachers. The learner is advised to use the romanized version of our dialogues in which we provide clear indication regarding the application of tone sandhi rules. The appended index refers to vocabulary explanations in the numbered sections of the textbook (01.01 to 12.07).
With the exception of lessons one, two and twelve, which have a different structure, all lessons include the following sections:
1. At least one dialogue scene: the dialogues reflect linguistic realities in that individual speakers exhibit dialectal idiosyncracies.
2. Notes on Vocabulary: words and expressions used in the dialogue(s) are printed in larger print. Example sentences and lexical explorations are in smaller print. In this section we indicate dialect variants where deemed appropriate.
3. Additional Vocabulary as used in the example sentences and elsewhere in the lesson.
4. Sentence Patterns in which the learner is required to identify suitable combinations of given options. In this part we only indicate isolation tones and expect the learner to apply tone sandhi rules.
5. Cloze Practice sections where a suitable option needs to be selected to fill in the blanks left in the sentences. In this part we also indicate isolation tones only and expect the learner to apply tone sandhi rules.
6. Listening and Reading Comprehension exercises that also serve as additional Southern Hokkien-English translation practice. In this part we also expect the learner to apply tone sandhi rules.
7. English-Southern Hokkien Translation exercises aim at expressing in Southern Hokkien the main idea behind a given sentence rather than providing literal translations.
8. Pearls of Wisdom: a selection of set phrases and popular sayings which are highly context-sensitive. Our translations are best perceived as approximations to be explored in class with the teacher.
A number of lessons include additional short outlines of relevant topics, revisions and material that may be found useful.
This textbook aims to serve a dual purpose:
1. Where used as an introduction to elementary spoken Southern Hokkien, the learner should focus on the vocabulary featured in the dialogue sections and applied in the Sentence Patterns, Listening and Reading Comprehension and Cloze Exercise sections. Most of this elementary vocabulary is marked in a slightly larger font in the Notes on Vocabulary. This primary lexicon will enable the learner to engage and function adequately in simple standard situations.
2. In addition to the elementary vocabulary the more ambitious learner will want to study the additional lexical explorations provided in the Notes on Vocabulary and printed in a slightly smaller font. Further to sentences that show the application of given vocabulary and related Southern Hokkien vocabulary, a considerable portion of our lexical explorations will be well known from Mandarin. The material provided in the Notes on Vocabulary aims at enabling the learner to develop a more comprehensive lexicon and accelerate the learning process by switching pronunciations from Mandarin to Southern Hokkien. By listing words and sayings more likely to be used by an elderly generation and hardly applied by some young native speakers, the additional material as well as the vocabulary sections occasionally expand into historical layers of Taiwanese Southern Hokkien.
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对于许多像我一样，对世界各地语言充满探索欲的读者来说，找到一本既有学术深度又不失趣味性的语言学习材料是相当困难的。这套《Southern Hokkien: An Introduction》给我留下了深刻的印象。它的实体呈现——厚实的三卷本加上音频CD，就预示着这是一项系统性的工程，而不是市面上那些浅尝辄止的语言指南。我非常欣赏这种扎实的研究态度，这让我相信，书中所包含的信息绝对是经过精心筛选和组织的。我希望这本书能够为我打开一扇通往南洋闽南语世界的大门，让我不仅仅是学习一些零散的词汇和句子，而是能够真正理解其语言体系的内在逻辑，掌握其独特的发音技巧和语法规律。我期待它能帮助我克服学习过程中可能遇到的各种障碍，并且在掌握基础知识之后，能引导我触及到更深层次的文化内涵，让我能够通过语言去感受和理解当地的生活方式和思维模式。
评分我一直对闽南语充满好奇，尤其是南部的方言，总觉得它承载着更浓厚的历史和文化底蕴。当我在书店偶然发现这套《Southern Hokkien: An Introduction》时，简直就像挖到了宝藏。三卷本的厚重和三张CD的配套，立刻让我感受到它内容的丰富和详实。我还没来得及深入翻阅，但光是看书脊上的标题和封面上那带着年代感的插画，就足以激起我学习的欲望。我期待着它能带领我深入了解这门古老而充满魅力的语言，从最基本的发音、词汇，到更复杂的语法结构，希望能一步步地构建起我学习南洋闽南语的完整框架。我尤其关心这本书在方言的分支处理上是否清晰，因为我知道闽南语内部的差异也相当大，希望这套书能有一个清晰的指引，让我知道它所介绍的是具体哪一派的方言，以及在学习过程中如何处理那些细微但关键的差别。
评分作为一名对东南亚文化抱有浓厚兴趣的旅行者，我深知语言是理解当地风土人情的钥匙。这套《Southern Hokkien: An Introduction》的出现，无疑为我提供了绝佳的学习工具。它的套装配置——三卷厚重的书籍加上配套的CD，让我看到了内容的全面性和实用性。我尤其看重音频资料的提供，因为语言的学习离不开听和说，纯粹的文字描述往往难以传达发音的细微之处。我希望这本书能够系统地介绍南洋闽南语的发音系统，包括声母、韵母、声调等，并且通过CD中的真人朗读，让我能够模仿和练习，逐步掌握地道的发音。此外，我期待它能够涵盖日常生活中的常用词汇和表达，以便我在旅行中能够与当地人进行基本的交流，增进彼此的理解和友谊。
评分作为一位对语言学和文化交流充满热情的研究者，我对这套《Southern Hokkien: An Introduction》充满了浓厚的兴趣。其三卷本的规模和附带的三张CD，暗示着其内容的深度和广度。我期待这本书能够提供一个全面而系统的视角来理解南洋闽南语。我希望它不仅能详尽地介绍语音、词汇和语法，更能深入探讨该方言在历史演变、地域差异以及社会文化中的地位和影响。我尤其希望它能提供关于不同区域口音的比较，以及在实际应用中可能遇到的挑战和解决方案。通过这套书，我希望能更深刻地理解南洋闽南语的独特魅力，并为进一步的研究奠定坚实的基础。
评分一直以来，我对那些承载着历史沉淀的方言都情有独钟。这套《Southern Hokkien: An Introduction》以其三卷本的规模和配套的CD，传递出一种严谨而深入的学习体验。我还没深入阅读，但从它的出版形式就能感受到其内容的丰富程度。我期待它能够帮助我理清南洋闽南语的脉络，从最基础的语音入手，逐步深入到词汇、短语以及更复杂的语法结构。我希望这本书能够提供清晰的讲解和大量的实例，让我能够循序渐进地掌握这门语言。对于一个希望能够真正理解和运用一门方言的人来说，理论知识和实践练习是缺一不可的，而这套书的配置恰恰满足了这一点，让我对它的学习效果充满期待。
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