儒学思想在日本的发展,面向广泛,议题众多,学派林立,并非三言两语可以道尽,亦极待未来汉语学术界师友们的共同耕耘。本书䌷绎德川儒学的三项鲜明主题一一即神儒兼摄、徂徕学与阳明学一一作为窥探德川思想特质的素材,并採取中日儒学的比较研究方法,以透视日本儒学发展的特质
作者简介
张崑将
台湾台南县人。台湾大学历史学系硕士(1998)、博士(2002)。曾任台湾大学历史学系兼任讲师、兼任助理教授,现任台北医学大学通识教育中心副教授。
着有:《德川日本「孝」概念的形成与发展──以兵学与阳明学为中心》(2004)、《日本德川时代古学派之王道政治论:以伊藤仁斋、荻生徂徕为中心》(2004)等书。
【导论】
壹、德川儒者对中国儒学道德价值观念的转换:以「仁义」、「忠孝」概念为中心
一、前言
二、中国儒者「仁义」与「忠孝」之价值理念
三、德川学者对「仁义」价值理念解释的政治化:以徂徕学者与武士道学者为中心
四、德川儒者对「忠」、「孝」价值观念解释的宗教化:以阳明学、水户学与吉田松阴为中心
五、结论
【德川儒学中的神道思想】
贰、德川初期朱子学者的理学神道思维:林罗山与山奇闇斋的比较
一、前言
二、理学神道的背景与渊源
三、罗山与闇斋的理学神道思维之比较
四、结论:儒学在神道与佛教之间所扮演的角色
【徂徕学的特质】
参、荻生徂徕「不言」的诠释方法析论
一、前言
二、徂徕的学问之道:从「名」(古文辞)、「物」(《六经》)中求圣人之道
三、徂徕「不言」之意的诠释特质
四、徂徕「不言」诠释方法论的矛盾及其问题
肆、丁茶山与太宰春台的《论语》解释之比较
一、前言
二、茶山所认识的日本古学派
三、茶山与春台的《论语》解释方法之比较
四、茶山与春台的经典义理解释之比较:以人性论及管仲论为例
五、「愚民论」与「牧民论」
六、结论
【日本阳明学的渊源与作用】
伍、晚明《孝经》风潮与中江藤树思想的关系
一、前言
二、以「孝」为核心的政治风暴:「大礼议」与「夺情」的政争
三、晚明《孝经》的编纂风潮与阳明学之关系
四、中将藤树「孝」的思想与晚明《孝经》风潮的关系
五、结论
陆、幕末维新阳明学的思想内涵及其作用
一、前言
二、「亡国」抑或「维新」:阳明学在中日的评价与形象
三、「士大夫文化」与「武士文化」:中日阳明学在不同历史文化脉络中的作用
四、中日阳明学思想内涵及其作用:本体论与功夫论观点之比较
五、结论
【结论】
柒、德川儒学的特质:兼论日本思想研究的展望
一、前言
二、德川儒学思想特质举隅
三、日本思想史研究的方法及其展望
在阅读《德川日本儒学思想的特质:神道、徂徕学与阳明学》的过程中,我深刻体会到了作者的用心。这本书并非仅仅是对德川时期日本儒学思想的简单介绍,而是对其“特质”的深入探究。我特别关注书中关于“神道”与儒学融合的论述,想知道神道教的自然崇拜、对天皇的敬畏以及由此衍生的各种仪式,是如何被儒家学者纳入其思想体系,并进一步发展出具有日本特色的儒学观念的。作者对这个过程的分析,我认为是本书的核心亮点之一,它揭示了文化融合并非简单的拼凑,而是复杂而深刻的相互作用。The book’s treatment of Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku is equally compelling. I was particularly struck by the author’s ability to draw clear distinctions between these two influential schools of thought while also demonstrating their interconnectedness within the broader intellectual currents of Tokugawa Japan. The detailed exposition of their respective philosophical foundations and their practical implications for society offers a rich tapestry of intellectual history. It’s evident that the author has engaged deeply with primary sources, presenting a well-researched and nuanced account of these complex philosophical traditions. The book’s ability to illuminate the unique intellectual landscape of this pivotal period in Japanese history is truly remarkable, and I found it to be a thoroughly rewarding read.
评分这本书《德川日本儒学思想的特质:神道、徂徕学与阳明学》给我带来了不少惊喜。我一直认为,要理解一个时代的思想,就必须深入了解其思想根源和主要流派。《德川日本儒学思想的特质:神道、徂徕学与阳明学》恰恰做到了这一点。作者不仅仅是简单地罗列这些思想,而是深入挖掘它们之间的内在联系和相互影响。特别是关于“神道”与儒学的结合,我一直很好奇,在尊崇祖先和天地神明的日本,儒家“仁”与“礼”的思想是如何被本土化的?书中对这一过程的阐释,让我对日本文化的独特性有了更深的理解。Furthermore, the exploration of Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku provides a fascinating glimpse into the intellectual debates of the Tokugawa period. The author’s nuanced presentation of these schools of thought, highlighting their key tenets and their divergence, is particularly valuable. I appreciated the detailed account of their respective proponents and their impact on the educational and political spheres. The book skillfully navigates the complexities of these philosophical traditions, offering readers a comprehensive overview without sacrificing analytical depth. It’s a testament to the author’s meticulous research and insightful analysis that such a multifaceted topic can be presented in such an accessible and engaging manner. The book has certainly broadened my perspective on the intellectual landscape of pre-modern Japan, and I would highly recommend it to anyone seeking a deeper understanding of its philosophical heritage.
评分《德川日本儒学思想的特质:神道、徂徕学与阳明学》这本书,让我对德川时代的日本思想界有了更立体、更深刻的认识。作者并没有将神道、徂徕学和阳明学视为孤立的个体,而是着重探讨了它们之间的相互作用和融合,尤其是“神道”作为日本本土信仰,是如何与外来的儒学思想产生碰撞、交流,并最终形成德川日本独特的思想特质。我对此非常感兴趣,因为这涉及到一种文化如何吸收和转化外来元素,从而保持自身独立性的问题。书中对神道教的某些仪式、观念是如何被儒家学者赋予新的意义,或者如何在儒家框架下得到解释,这些细节的呈现,让我觉得非常生动。The examination of Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku further adds to the book's intellectual richness. I was impressed by the author's capacity to delineate the core philosophies of these schools and to explain their historical significance and impact on Tokugawa society. The book provides a comprehensive overview of their development, their key figures, and their respective contributions to the intellectual discourse of the era. The author’s ability to synthesize these diverse intellectual strands into a cohesive and insightful analysis is truly outstanding. It’s clear that this book is the product of extensive scholarship and a deep understanding of Japanese intellectual history. It offers a valuable and nuanced perspective on a crucial period, and I would highly recommend it to anyone interested in the philosophical underpinnings of Japanese culture.
评分这本书《德川日本儒学思想的特质:神道、徂徕学与阳明学》我早就听说过,一直想找机会拜读一下。我最感兴趣的是它如何将日本神道教的本土信仰与儒家思想进行融合,探讨这种融合是如何塑造德川时代日本人的精神世界和社会结构的。特别是“神道”这一部分,我希望能看到作者深入剖析神道教的哪些元素被儒学吸收,又或者儒学在与神道教互动中发生了怎样的变异。是神道的“敬神”观念影响了儒家对“天命”的理解?还是神道的“祖先崇拜”与儒家的“孝道”产生了新的解读?我期待作者能通过详实的史料和深刻的分析,揭示两者之间错综复杂的联系,不仅仅是表面的结合,而是内在逻辑的梳理。 Furthermore, the title’s inclusion of “徂徕学” (Sorai-gaku) and “阳明学” (Yōmei-gaku) promises a fascinating comparative study. I’m particularly eager to see how these two distinct schools of thought, both influential in Tokugawa Japan, are positioned relative to each other and in relation to the Shinto influence. Sorai-gaku, with its emphasis on classical learning and textual interpretation, and Yōmei-gaku, with its focus on innate knowledge and moral action, represent different approaches to understanding and practicing Confucianism. The book’s ability to weave these strands together, alongside the Shinto element, will be a testament to its scholarly ambition. I anticipate a nuanced discussion of their intellectual lineages, their proponents, and their impact on the socio-political landscape of the era. It’s rare to find a work that tackles such a complex intellectual history with such breadth and depth. My anticipation for this book is immense, and I hope it lives up to its promising title.
评分我最近读了《德川日本儒学思想的特质:神道、徂徕学与阳明学》这本书,感觉非常震撼。作者对德川时代日本儒学思想的剖析,尤其是对神道、徂徕学和阳明学的深入解读,让我对日本的文化传统有了全新的认识。书中对神道和儒学融合的论述尤其精彩,它不仅仅停留在表面上的介绍,而是深入到思想层面,探讨了神道教的本土精神如何被儒学解读和吸收,以及这种融合如何塑造了德川幕府时期的社会伦理和政治思想。我一直对日本的“武士道”精神很感兴趣,这本书似乎能提供一个更深层次的解释,关于这种精神是如何在儒家和神道教的交织影响下形成的。作者通过细致的文献分析和严谨的逻辑推理,将抽象的哲学思想具象化,使得即使是对哲学不太了解的读者也能从中获得深刻的启发。The discussion on Sorai-gaku and Yōmei-gaku further enriched my understanding. I found the author’s attempt to differentiate and connect these two schools of thought to be particularly illuminating. Sorai-gaku, with its emphasis on the practical application of knowledge and its historical context, presents a stark contrast to the more introspective and subjective approach of Yōmei-gaku. The book effectively illustrates how these differing intellectual currents coexisted and influenced each other within the complex intellectual milieu of Tokugawa Japan. The author’s ability to synthesize these diverse threads into a coherent narrative is truly commendable. It’s not just about presenting information, but about constructing a compelling argument that sheds new light on a fascinating period of Japanese intellectual history. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the philosophical underpinnings of Japanese culture and its unique trajectory.
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