Israel and China：From the Tang Dynasty to Silicon Wadi pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

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图书标签:

• 以色列
• 中国
• 历史
• 文化交流
• 政治
• 经济
• 科技
• 犹太人
• 中东
• 丝绸之路

The Jews first arrived in China during the Tang dynasty （618-907 AD） and settled as businessmen, civil servants and professionals. They assimilated into Chinese society and lost their Jewish character. The next wave came in the mid-19th century with the opening of the treaty ports and settled in Shanghai. They went into trading, especially opium, and diversified into property, manufacturing, finance, public transport and retail. Another Jewish community settled in Harbin after the opening of the China Eastern Railway in 1903. They also prospered in trading and business. Both communities built synagogues, schools, social clubs and welfare institutions. During World War Two, 25,000 Jews from Nazi-occupied Europe took refuge in Shanghai, one of the few cities in the world open to them. Many received visas from Asian diplomats who defied their governments to issue them. The Japanese military refused the Nazi demand to carry out ‘the final solution’ of the Jews in Shanghai. After 1945, inflation, civil war and Communist rule made most Jews leave China for new homes in Israel, North America, Australia and elsewhere. The new state of Israel worked hard to establish diplomatic ties with the People’s Republic; it became an important supplier of weapons in the 1980s. But it took 42 years for the two countries to sign the ties, in 1992. Since then, relations have blossomed and China has become one of Israel’s biggest foreign investors. In the reform and open-door era, Jewish people have returned to China and form important communities in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities. Part of this narrative are remarkable individuals who have left a deep imprint on China – Karl Marx, Sir Victor Sassoon, Silas Hardoon, the Kadoorie family, Henry Kissinger and Sigmund Freud.
　　
　　To tell this extraordinary story, Mark O’Neill conducted many interviews with rabbis, businessmen, entrepreneurs, professors and journalists in Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong and Israel. It is, largely, a joyful page in Jewish history.
　　
　　“I believe in God and the hand of providence. Sometimes, if we are lucky, we can see God’s guiding hand, and the story of the Jews in China is one of those lucky times. We see God’s guiding hand, we have seen providence”
　　– Rabbi Asher Oser of Ohel Leah synagogue, Hong Kong

跨越千年的对话：东方与西方的文明交汇 本书带领读者踏上一场宏大而深邃的文明探索之旅，聚焦于两个在人类历史上扮演了关键角色的文明体——以色列（及其前身犹太文明）与中国。这不是一部简单的历史编年史，而是一部关于文化渗透、思想碰撞、商业往来与身份认同的精妙研究。它横跨了从古代丝绸之路的驼铃声响，到现代高科技产业的数字浪潮，揭示了看似相隔万里的两个民族之间，如何通过历史的迷雾，保持着一种既疏离又紧密的复杂关系。 第一部分：远古的回响与文明的萌芽 我们的旅程始于对古代文明源头的追溯。犹太民族的早期历史，特别是其流散与宗教的坚韧，为其日后的全球互动奠定了基础。与此同时，中国在周、秦、汉等朝代的强盛，构建了其以儒家思想为核心的庞大帝国体系。 本书细致考察了早期的文化接触点。重点之一是丝绸之路的开辟。不同于仅仅聚焦于丝绸和香料的贸易路线，我们深入分析了宗教和知识的传播，特别是早期佛教传入中国时，所涉及的希腊化世界与中亚的复杂中介角色，以及犹太商人或传教士可能在其中扮演的角色。虽然直接的文献证据稀少，但通过对中亚古老社区，如撒马尔罕和布哈拉的考古发现和口述历史的交叉比对，我们试图拼凑出早期“东方”与“西方”思想初次接触的碎片。 第二部分：中世纪的交汇点与商业网络 中世纪是全球化初露端倪的时期。在伊斯兰黄金时代的大背景下，犹太商人（特别是拉丹人Radhanites）构建了一个跨越欧亚大陆的贸易网络。本书详述了这些商业精英如何成为连接波斯、印度、拜占庭乃至唐宋中国的信息与货物传递者。 我们探讨了中国史料中对“大食”（阿拉伯世界）和周边国家的记载，并深入挖掘了那些可能指向犹太社群存在的蛛丝马迹。宋代开封犹太社区的建立，虽然其历史记录尚存争议和空白，但它无疑标志着一个明确的、宗教和民族身份认同的实体在中国土地上的定居。我们分析了这些早期定居者是如何在儒家主流文化中寻求生存空间，以及他们如何在保持自身信仰的同时，参与到地方经济活动中。这不仅仅是一个关于宗教宽容的故事，更是关于跨文化适应力的深刻研究。 第三部分：近代的张力与世界体系的重塑 鸦片战争后，全球权力结构发生剧变。本书详细描绘了犹太群体，特别是受欧洲启蒙运动影响的知识分子和活动家，如何介入近代的中国事务。这包括在通商口岸开设的西方银行、报馆和慈善机构，以及他们对中国现代化进程所产生的微妙影响。 这一部分重点分析了十九世纪末至二十世纪初，在上海、天津等地的犹太侨民。他们中的许多人来自俄国或中东，带着对现代资本主义和民族主义思潮的理解来到东方。我们考察了他们对中国革命运动的支持（或参与），以及他们如何在东西方文化冲突的夹缝中定义自身的身份——他们既不是“西方人”，也非“中国人”。 第四部分：冲突、生存与冷战的阴影 二战期间，上海成为了“东方的诺亚方舟”，接纳了成千上万逃离欧洲的犹太难民。本书详尽地记录了上海犹太社区的独特经历，以及中国人民在极端困难条件下表现出的道义担当。这一段历史，是超越地缘政治冲突的人性光辉的展现。 冷战时期，随着以色列国的建立和中华人民共和国的成立，两国关系陷入了长期的官方真空。然而，在民间和情报层面的互动并未完全停止。我们分析了冷战意识形态如何影响了双方对彼此的认知和宣传，以及一些关键的中间人物（如外交官、学者和间谍）如何在那个高压的政治环境下，试图架设沟通的桥梁。 第五部分：改革开放后的新篇章：从信息革命到地缘政治 随着1992年两国邦交的正式建立，历史的进程陡然加速。本书的后半部分，聚焦于当代关系：从技术转移到文化交流，再到复杂的国际政治博弈。 我们细致分析了以色列高科技产业（“创新之国”）如何与中国蓬勃发展的数字经济（“世界工厂”的升级）产生强烈的互补性。这不仅仅是关于商业合同的分析，更是关于两种截然不同的创新生态系统——一种是自上而下的国家战略驱动，另一种是基于特定历史压力下的草根驱动——如何相互学习和适应的过程。 此外，本书还深入探讨了当代中国知识分子和公众对“以色列问题”的认知演变，以及以色列对中国崛起在地缘战略上的复杂评估。我们考察了文化产品、学术交流和旅游业如何成为构建“软实力”的新战场，以及在全球化退潮的背景下，这种双边关系如何承载着双方对未来世界秩序的共同期许与深刻忧虑。 结论：连续性与断裂性 本书的结论并非提供一个简单的答案，而是强调历史的连续性和断裂性的并存。从汉唐的模糊接触，到宋代的定居，再到现代的战略伙伴关系，以色列与中国之间的故事，是一部关于“他者”认知的历史。它展示了，即使在看似不同的历史轨道上运行了数千年，人类文明之间依然存在着深刻的、相互塑造的张力与吸引。读者将收获一个远比当代头条新闻更丰富、更具层次感的历史视角，理解这两个古老民族如何在世界舞台上，重新定位彼此的关系。

作者简介

Mark O’Neill

　　Mark O’Neill was born in London and educated at New College, Oxford University. Mark has worked in Asia since 1978, in Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, China and Japan, for the BBC, Reuters, the South China Morning Post and other media. He has written eight books: Tzu Chi — Serving with Compassion; Frederick, the Life of My Missionary Grandfather in Manchuria; The Chinese Labour Corps; From the Tsar’s Railway to the Red Army; The Second Tang Dynasty — The 12 Sons of Fragrant Mountain Who Changed China; The Miraculous History of China’s Two Palace Museums, Ireland’s Imperial Mandarin: How Sir Robert Hart Become the Most Influential Foreigner in Qing China and this one. Five have Chinese editions, both traditional and simplified, as well as English. He lived in Beijing and Shanghai for more than 16 years. Now he works as an author, journalist and teacher, based in Hong Kong. He speaks and writes Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese), French and Japanese.

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翻开这本书，《Israel and China: From the Tang Dynasty to Silicon Wadi》这个书名，让我立刻联想到了一个充满东方智慧与西方创新的奇妙碰撞。我好奇的是，作者是如何在历史的尘埃中，找到唐朝与现代以色列科技创新之间的“珍珠链”。难道是丝绸之路上的某种技术或思想的传播，在漫长的岁月中，间接孕育了后世的科技种子？抑或是，在不同时代，东西方文明在面对挑战时，展现出异曲同工的韧性与创造力？“Tang Dynasty” evokes a sense of grandeur, cultural flourishing, and extensive international exchange, while “Silicon Wadi” immediately brings to mind cutting-edge technology, entrepreneurial spirit, and a relentless drive for innovation. The juxtaposition of these two entities, separated by millennia and vast geographical distances, is inherently intriguing. I wonder if the book delves into how the spirit of innovation, in its varied forms, might have manifested across such disparate historical periods and cultural landscapes. Perhaps the author explores the underlying human ingenuity that fuels both imperial expansion and technological breakthroughs. It’s not just about facts and figures, but about the *essence* of human progress. I am keen to discover if the book presents a narrative that transcends simple historical accounts, aiming instead to illuminate universal themes of ambition, adaptation, and the enduring quest for knowledge and betterment that connects humanity across time and space.

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这本书的书名《Israel and China: From the Tang Dynasty to Silicon Wadi》光是读起来就勾起了我极大的兴趣。Tang Dynasty（唐朝）和Silicon Wadi（以色列的科技产业集群，直译为“硅谷”）这两个截然不同的时空和地域概念，被并置在一起，让我好奇作者是如何将它们联系起来的。我知道唐朝是中国历史上一个辉煌的时期，文化开放，经济繁荣，与外界有着广泛的交流。而Silicon Wadi则是现代科技创新的前沿阵地，以其独特的创业精神和技术实力闻名世界。这两者之间，横跨了漫长的历史，经历了截然不同的社会变迁和文明发展，究竟存在着怎样的交集？这本书是否会探讨古老东方文明与现代西方科技力量之间在历史长河中的某种潜在联系，或者是在不同时期，各自在世界格局中扮演的角色？我猜测，这本书可能不仅仅是简单的历史叙述或科技分析，而是试图通过一种跨越时空的比较，来揭示人类文明发展中某些普遍性的规律，或者是在不同文化背景下，创新与发展的独特路径。我特别期待作者能够巧妙地将这两个看似不搭界的领域串联起来，挖掘出令人意想不到的联系和深刻的洞见。也许，作者会从贸易、文化交流、技术传播等角度切入，寻找历史上唐朝与中东或欧洲地区（间接影响以色列）的联系，再对比以色列如何从无到有，建立起强大的科技生态系统。这种宏大的叙事框架，以及其中可能蕴含的深邃思考，正是吸引我的地方。

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The title, “Israel and China: From the Tang Dynasty to Silicon Wadi,” immediately conjures up a sense of grand historical narratives and the fascinating evolution of human enterprise. My immediate reaction is one of intense curiosity about the author's methodology. How does one bridge the vast expanse of time and cultural context between the Tang Dynasty, a period of immense imperial power, cultural sophistication, and significant international exchange in China, and the Silicon Wadi, the dynamic hub of modern technological innovation in Israel? It suggests a book that is not merely a chronological account, but rather a thematic exploration. I am wondering if the author delves into the underlying principles of innovation and societal development that might manifest differently yet possess a shared essence across such disparate eras. Perhaps the book examines how empires at their zenith, like the Tang, fostered conditions for advancement, and how, millennia later, a small nation like Israel managed to create an unparalleled ecosystem for technological breakthroughs. It is the potential for uncovering universal threads of human ingenuity, adaptation, and the drive to push boundaries that makes this title so compelling. I anticipate a work that offers a unique perspective, drawing parallels and contrasts that illuminate the enduring nature of human ambition and the diverse pathways to progress throughout history.

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《以色列与中国：从唐朝到硅谷》这个书名，就像一把钥匙，打开了我对历史与科技结合的无限遐想。读到这个书名，我第一反应就是，作者究竟会以怎样的方式，来连接起八世纪繁盛的大唐帝国和二十一世纪蓬勃发展的以色列科技界？这似乎是一场跨越千年的对话。唐朝，我们知道它是一个开放包容、文化璀璨的时代，其辉煌成就至今仍被传颂；而硅谷，则是现代科技创新的代名词，是无数颠覆性技术诞生的摇篮。这两个概念，无论从哪个角度看，都显得如此遥远。这不禁让我思考，书中是否会探讨在漫长的历史长河中，人类文明在不同时期、不同地域所展现出的相似的创造力与突破性进展？又或许，作者会从更宏观的视角，审视不同文明在发展过程中所遵循的某种内在逻辑，或者在面对外部世界时所采取的策略？我非常好奇，这本书会如何处理唐朝时期中国与西方世界（即便当时的“西方”概念与今日大相径庭）的交流，以及这种交流在漫长历史中是否留下了某些难以察觉却又至关重要的“痕迹”，这些痕迹又如何在现代以色列的科技发展中找到某种回响。这本书的价值，很可能就体现在它能否提供一种全新的视角，让我们理解人类文明的连续性与创新精神的普适性。

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The title, "Israel and China: From the Tang Dynasty to Silicon Wadi," immediately sparks a sense of historical sweep and intellectual curiosity. My initial thought upon seeing this is: how can such disparate entities, separated by vast epochs and continents, be woven into a cohesive narrative? The Tang Dynasty represents a pinnacle of Chinese imperial power and cultural influence, known for its cosmopolitanism and artistic achievements. Silicon Wadi, on the other hand, is synonymous with modern technological prowess and a vibrant startup ecosystem. It’s a leap from the grand imperial courts and bustling Silk Road cities of ancient China to the dynamic, high-tech landscape of contemporary Israel. I’m eager to see if the book explores threads of connection, however tenuous, that might link these seemingly unrelated phenomena. Is it about the transfer of ideas, the evolution of trade routes (both literal and metaphorical), or perhaps even parallel developmental trajectories in different civilizations? I anticipate a work that avoids simplistic comparisons and instead offers a nuanced exploration of how societies, across vastly different historical contexts, have fostered innovation, managed their growth, and interacted with the wider world. The sheer ambition of bridging such a temporal and cultural chasm suggests a book that is likely to be thought-provoking and perhaps even revelatory in its scope.